▎ 摘　　要

NOVELTY - Lipophilic water-immobilized microbial carrier is synthesized by using 0.5-5 pts. wt. intermediate amphiphilic graphene, 5-10 pts. wt. lipophilic polymer solution and 0.5-5 pts. wt. inorganic diatomite. The intermediate amphiphilic graphene comprises 1-5 pts. wt. graphene, 1-10 pts. wt. concentrated nitric acid, 1-10 pts. wt. thionyl chloride, 10-30 pts. wt. ethylene glycol, 1-5 pts. wt. 2-bromoisobutyryl bromide, 0.5-5 pts. wt. copper bromide, 5-15 pts. wt. n-butyl acrylate, 5-20 pts. wt. dichloromethane, and 0.1-2 pts. wt. trifluoroacetic acid. The lipophilic polymer solution comprises 1-5 pts. wt. divinylbenzene, 1-10 pts. wt. tetrahydrofuran, 0.5-2 pts. wt. water, and 0.05-2 pts. wt. azobisisobutyronitrile. USE - The lipophilic water-immobilized microbial carrier is useful for degrading oil spill. ADVANTAGE - The carrier floats on the water surface as it contains both lipophilic and hydrophilic property, and provides necessary sunlight, air and water for the growth of microorganisms, and improves degradation rate of oil spill, and exhibits good effect on environmental restoration of oil spilled areas. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for method for preparing the water-immobilized microbial carrier involves (a) preparing intermediate amphiphilic graphene by (i) weighing 1-5 pts. wt. graphene, adding graphene into reaction flask, adding 1-10 pts. wt. concentrated nitric acid, soaking the mixture for 1 hours for acidification and to initiate carboxyl group, (ii) adding 1-10 pts. wt. thionyl chloride to acidified material for acylation, placing the mixture on a constant temperature water bath shaker at 40 degrees C, reacting the mixture at 120 revolutions per minute (rpm) for 1 hour, and washing the reacted product using deionized water to neutrality, (iii) adding 10-30 pts. wt. ethylene glycol to the reaction flask as a hydroxyl source, placing the mixture in a constant temperature water bath shaker at 40 degrees C, reacting the mixture at 120 rpm for 1 hour, obtaining hydroxyl-containing graphene, and drying at 120 degrees C for 2 hours using oven, (iv) adding 1-5 pts. wt. 2-bromoisobutyryl bromide to the reaction flask as a macroinitiator to excite the initiating group, placing the mixture on a constant temperature water bath shaker at 40 degrees C, reacting the mixture at 120 rpm for 1 hour, washing the reacted product using deionized water to neutrality, and drying the reacted product for 2 hours using oven, (v) adding 0.5-5 pts. wt. copper bromide to reaction flask, adding 5-15 pts. wt. n-butyl acrylate, placing the mixture in a constant temperature water bath shaker at 40 degrees C, reacting the mixture at 120 rpm for 1 hour, performing hydrolysis, washing the reacted product using deionized water, and drying the reacted product using oven for 1 hour, and (vi) adding 5-20 pts. wt. dichloromethane and 0.1-2 pts. wt. trifluoroacetic acid to the reaction flask, placing the mixture in a constant temperature water bath shaker at 40 degrees C, reacting the mixture at 120 rpm for 1 hour, filtering the mixture using a filter paper, washing the filtrate using 100 ml deionized water, drying the solid material using oven for 1 hour to obtain an amphiphilic graphene material containing both a lipophilic group and a hydrophilic group, (b) preparing lipophilic polymer solution by adding 1-5 pts. wt. divinylbenzene as a cross-linker, 1-10 pts. wt. tetrahydrofuran as a polar regulator, 0.5-2 pts. wt. water, and 0.05-2 pts. wt. azobisisobutyronitrile to the reaction flask as an oil-soluble azo initiator, placing the mixture in a constant temperature water bath shaker at 40 degrees C, and reacting the mixture at 120 rpm for 10-30 minutes, (c) preparing carrier mixture by adding intermediate amphiphilic graphene, lipophilic polymer solution and inorganic diatomite into kettle, placing the mixture in a constant temperature water bath shaker at 40 degrees C, and reacting the mixture at 120 rpm for 20 minutes, (d) placing the prepared carrier mixture in vacuum drying oven, drying at 120 degrees C for 12 hours under constant conditions to obtain an immobilized carrier with hydrophilic properties, and (e) testing physicochemical properties of the immobilized carrier, where the physicochemical properties are chosen from specific surface area, hydrophobicity, saturated oil absorption rate, and sustained release oil absorption rate.