▎ 摘　　要

NOVELTY - Generating energy and storing the energy for subsequent use, involves providing carbon dioxide, electromethanogenesis of the carbon dioxide into a fuel gas, and storing the fuel gas for subsequent use. USE - The method is useful for generating energy and storing the energy for subsequent use (claimed). ADVANTAGE - The apparatus, systems, and methods provide a scalable, production module for microbial methanogenesis of methane gas from carbon dioxide (CO2). The use of graphene aerogels for microbial electromethanogenesis allows the current density to be maximized due to the ability to control material pore size (and thus biologically accessible surface area) over 4 orders of magnitude (1 nm to 10 mum) and conductivity from 1 to 100's of S/cm. The use of enzymes to mediate charge transfer can increase current density, since nanometer scale enzymes can access more electrode surface area than significantly larger micron scale whole microbes. Further, using enzymes rather than microbes for the critical charge transfer step allows a wider range of process conditions, e.g. temperatures and pH, which can be used to increase catalytic activity and CO2 solubility. Separating the charge transfer from the methanogenesis step to a chemical intermediate production step also allows a wider range of microbial species that can be used for methanogenesis; and processes for microbial methane production from syngas have been optimized and established for industrial biogas production. Three dimensional (3D) printing th reactors maximizes volumetric productivity by both optimally utilizing 3D space and reducing diffusion limitations. Further, 3D printed reactors allow for modular and flow-through designs, positioning the technology for scale-up and commercialization.