▎ 摘 要
NOVELTY - The use of a composite material as electro-thermal material has a first polymer which is amorphous polymers or semi crystalline polymers selected from polyethylene or polypropylene from 2.0 to 20.0 wt.% of carbon particles based on the total weight of the composite material as determined according to ISO 11358:2014. The carbon particles are selected from carbon nanotubes, carbon fibers, carbon black and any combination. The 75 wt.% of the carbon particles based on the total weight of the carbon particles is provided with an average aspect ratio L/D that is ranging from 10 to 800. Each of the heating layers are provided with a thickness ranging from 100 pm to 4.0 mm. USE - Use of a composite material as electro-thermal material in a process for the production of an electrical heating panel that is suitable for use in de-icing devices (claimed). ADVANTAGE - The method provides a simple process to produce efficient heating panels. The method allows the use of composite materials in the manufacture of electrical heating panels, to the process of production of the electrical heating panel, and to the production of a heating system. The heating system has high electrical and thermal conductance of graphite nanofibers (GNF) and carbon black (CB) filled high density polyethylene (HDPE) hybrid composites. The use of carbon black filled graphite nanoplatelets (CVD-graphene) in the manufacturing of the heating system provides a high electrical conductivity, low sheet resistance, high in-plane thermal conductivity and high room temperature resistivity. The CVD-Graphene-based heating system can be fabricated in a simple and cost-effective manner. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for the following: (1) a use of an electrical heating panel in a motor vehicle; (2) a electrical heating panel; (3) a motor vehicle; and (4) a process for the production of an electrical heating panel. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic view of the picture illustrating the conditions of the test.