▎ 摘　　要

NOVELTY - Preparing graphene-based high-efficiency surfactant comprises e.g. (i) cleaning and drying biomass waste, and crushing pressed cake, (ii) placing press cake by biomass waste cake into carbonizing furnace, repeatedly vacuumizing the furnace, filling nitrogen, carbonizing oxygen in the furnace, carbonizing biomass waste, heating carbonizing furnace, placing biomass waste cake into carbonization furnace, furnace cooling to normal temperature, finishing carbonizing to obtain carbon and generating mixed gas, during this period, continuously flowing nitrogen, (iii) taking carbonized charcoal, placing into carbon activating furnace, vacuumizing carbon activating furnace repeatedly, filling nitrogen and discharging oxygen in carbon activating furnace, carbon charcoal activating, heating charcoal activating furnace, introducing water steam, switching to nitrogen gas, cooling carbon activating furnace to normal temperature and completing carbon activation to obtain activated carbon. USE - The method is useful for preparing graphene-based high-efficiency surfactant. ADVANTAGE - The method: is scientific; has convenient operation; is economical; produces high yield and quality of graphene; and realizes large-scale industrial production. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Preparing graphene-based high-efficiency surfactant comprises (i) cleaning and drying the biomass waste, and crushing pressed cake, (ii) placing the press cake by biomass waste cake into carbonizing furnace, repeatedly vacuumizing the furnace for two times, then filling nitrogen, carbonizing the oxygen in the furnace, carbonizing biomass waste, heating the carbonizing furnace to 300 degrees C by 20 degrees C/minute, placing biomass waste cake into carbonization furnace for 2 hours at 300 degrees C, furnace cooling to normal temperature, finishing carbonizing to obtain carbon and generating mixed gas, during this period, continuously flowing nitrogen, where the flow speed is 100 ml/minute, (iii) taking carbonized charcoal, placing into the carbon activating furnace, vacuumizing the carbon activating furnace repeatedly for two times, filling nitrogen and discharging oxygen in the carbon activating furnace, then carbon charcoal activating, heating charcoal activating furnace at 10 degrees C/minute to 600 degrees C, then introducing water steam, where the amount of steam is 0.25 g/minute, heat preservation at 600 degrees C for 60 minute, then stopping inletting water vapor, switching to nitrogen gas, cooling the carbon activating furnace at 10 degrees C/minute to normal temperature and completing carbon activation to obtain activated carbon, (iv) placing the activated carbon into graphitizing furnace, vacuumizing the graphitizing furnace repeatedly for two times, then filling nitrogen, exhausting the oxygen in the graphitizing furnace, and then graphitizing, adding the activated carbon catalyst into graphitizing furnace to quick heating to 2500 degrees C for 2 hours, cooling the graphitizing furnace to normal temperature to obtain artificial graphite, and (v) grinding the artificial graphite into graphite powder, adopting liquid phase stripping method, using mixed solution of dimethylformamide and isopropanol as disperse system, adding graphite powder to obtain the graphite pre-peeling dispersion, then pre-peeling the graphite dispersion by numerical control ultrasonic machine for ultrasonic peeling to obtain graphene dispersion, then placing the graphene dispersion into high speed centrifuge for centrifugal separation, allowing to stand, and taking the upper layer centrifugal liquid for dialysis to remove impurities to obtain the pure graphene.