▎ 摘　　要

NOVELTY - Aptamer comprises nucleic acid sequence that selectively binds to surface protein CdeM of a Clostridium difficile spore, the aptamer having a stem-loop structure comprising Loop(3)/Stem(4f)/Loop(5)/Stem(4r)/Loop(5)/ Stem(2f)/Loop(1)/Stem(2f)/Loop(1)/Stem(5f)/Loop(5)/ Stem(5r)/Loop(1)/Stem(2r)/Loop(1)/Stem(2r)/Loop(3). USE - Aptamer for detecting, enriching, separating, and/or isolating Clostridium difficile spores ADVANTAGE - The aptamer stabilizes the structural elements responsible for binding, improves aptamer performance by reducing the energy landscape of the optimized aptamer. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for: (1) a composition which comprises the aptamer and graphene oxide nanoparticles; and (2) a method for visualizing Clostridium difficile spores on a surface which involves contacting a surface with a liquid composition comprising aptamer conjugated to a fluorophore, where the aptamer has a stem-loop structure having a specific binding affinity for a surface protein of Clostridium difficile spore, the surface protein is a spore coat surface protein or an exosporium layer protein; and graphene oxide, fluorophore is quenched by the association with the graphene oxide; and visualizing the presence or absence of Clostridium difficile spores on the surface, fluorescence is visible when the at least one aptamer is bound to the surface protein of Clostridium difficile spores.