▎ 摘　　要

NOVELTY - An anode or negative electrode layer consists of particles of an anode active material and solid graphene foam including pores and pore walls. The pore walls contain a pristine graphene material having less than 0.01 wt.% non-carbon elements, or non-pristine graphene material having 0.01-5 wt.% non-carbon elements. The non-pristine graphene is chosen from graphene oxide, reduced graphene oxide, graphene fluoride, graphene chloride, graphene bromide, graphene iodide, hydrogenated graphene, boron-doped graphene, nitrogen-doped graphene and chemically-functionalized graphene. USE - Anode or negative electrode layer is used in lithium-ion battery e.g. lithium metal battery, lithium-sulfur battery and lithium-air battery (all claimed). ADVANTAGE - The anode or negative electrode layer has excellent conductivity, fracture toughness, strength, crack resistance and robustness, and is efficiently manufactured by economical process. The battery containing the anode has excellent charge-discharge characteristics. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An anode or negative electrode layer consists of particles of an anode active material and solid graphene foam comprising pores and pore walls. The pore walls contain a pristine graphene material having less than 0.01 wt.% non-carbon elements, or non-pristine graphene material having 0.01-5 wt.% non-carbon elements. The non-pristine graphene is chosen from graphene oxide, reduced graphene oxide, graphene fluoride, graphene chloride, graphene bromide, graphene iodide, hydrogenated graphene, nitrogenated graphene, boron-doped graphene, nitrogen-doped graphene and chemically-functionalized graphene. The content of anode active material is 0.5-95 wt.%, with respect to total weight of graphene foam and anode active material. The pores are lodged with particles of the anode active material and other pores are particle-free. The graphene foam is elastic to accommodate volume expansion and shrinkage of particles of the anode active material during a battery charge-discharge cycle to avoid expansion of anode layer. INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for the following: (1) lithium battery; (2) production of anode layer; and (3) roll-to-roll process for producing continuous-length sheet of anode layer. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic view of graphene foam-protected anode active material.