▎ 摘　　要

NOVELTY - Supercapacitor electrode (E1) comprises a mixture of graphene sheets, and 0.1-99 wt.% of humic acid. The graphene sheets comprise a pristine graphene material having 0% of non-carbon elements, or a non-pristine graphene material having 0.001-5 wt.% of non-carbon elements. The non-pristine graphene is one of graphene oxide, reduced graphene oxide, graphene fluoride, graphene chloride, graphene bromide, graphene iodide, hydrogenated graphene, nitrogenated grapheme and/or chemically functionalized grapheme. The mixture has a specific surface area greater than 500 m2/g. USE - The supercapacitor electrode is useful in a supercapacitor, which is a symmetric supercapacitor, an asymmetric supercapacitor, a redox supercapacitor, a lithium-ion capacitor, or a sodium-ion capacitor (all claimed). ADVANTAGE - The supercapacitor electrodes: have an exceptionally high active material mass loading, typically higher than 10 mg/cm2 (preferably higher than 30 mg/cm2); are cost-effective; and produce supercapacitors having a high electrode thickness, high active material mass loading, low overhead weight and volume, high volumetric capacitance, and high volumetric energy density. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for: (1) a supercapacitor electrode (E2) comprising humic acid molecules having an oxygen content of 0.01-42 wt.% as an electrode active material, where the electrode has a specific surface area greater than 500 m2/g; and (2) a supercapacitor comprising an anode, a cathode, a porous separator disposed between the anode and the cathode, a liquid electrolyte in ionic contact with the anode and the cathode, where at least one of the anode and the cathode contains the supercapacitor electrode (E1) or (E2).