▎ 摘　　要

NOVELTY - Producing carbon nanostructure materials in form of carbon nanoclusters (CNCs), layered carbon materials (LCMs) and porous graphene carbon nanocomposites (PGCNs) comprises e.g. (a) dispersing carbonizing precursor in deionized water, (b) stirring the resultant mixture to form uniform dispersion, (c) acidifying the precursor mixture using concentrated inorganic acid, and mechanically stirring, (d) heating the mixture in autoclave, (e) separating the resultant CNCs from the reaction mixture by separating funnel, (f) drying the resultant carbon liquid and vacuum drying to obtain CNCs powder, (g) annealing the resultant CNCs powder, natural cooling, and grinding to obtain fine LCMs powder, (h) mixing the resultant LCMs powder with potassium hydroxide, and mechanically mixing, (i) annealing the mixture in alumina crucible, and natural cooling, (j) washing the activated carbon powder using hydrochloride and distilled water, and (k) drying the activated carbon powder to obtain PGCNs. USE - The method is useful for producing carbon nanostructure materials in form of CNCs, LCMs and PGCNs useful for producing heat transfer fluids (HTFs), nanolubricants and electrochemical double-layer capacitors (EDLCs) for heat transfer, lubrication and energy storage applications (claimed). ADVANTAGE - The method: provides carbon nanostructure materials having high thermal properties (high thermal conductivity, specific heat and effusivity), low friction coefficient, high gravimetric capacitance, high gravimetric energy density along with excellent rate long capability and cyclability as compared with commercial electrode material for supercapacitor; and is simple, economic and suitable for scale production. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Producing carbon nanostructure materials in form of carbon nanoclusters (CNCs), layered carbon materials (LCMs) and porous graphene carbon nanocomposites (PGCNs) comprises (a) dispersing carbonizing precursor (comprising 1,2-propanediol, 2,3-propanediol, 1,2-butanediol and 3,4-butanediol) in deionized water, (b) subjecting the resultant aqueous precursor mixture by mechanical stirring for 30-60 minutes to make it uniform dispersion, (c) acidifying the precursor mixture by adding concentrated inorganic acid (comprising hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, acetic acid, phosphoric acid, hydrofluoric acid and nitric acid) using as catalyst, and mechanical stirring for 1-4 hours, (d) transferring the mixture to an autoclave followed by heating at 150-350 degrees C for 25-100 hours, (e) separating the resultant CNCs from the reaction mixture by separating funnel, (f) drying the resultant carbon liquid by rotary evaporator at 80-90 degrees C and vacuum drying at 150-250 degrees C for 4-24 hours to obtain CNCs powder, (g) annealing the resultant CNCs powder at 550-800 degrees C for 1-4 hours at a heating rate of 5 degrees C/minute under argon gas atmosphere and natural cooling to room temperature, and grinding using a mortar to obtain fine LCMs powder, (h) mixing the resultant LCMs powder with potassium hydroxide in a weight ratio of 1:1-1:5, and mechanical mixing with a mortar, (i) transferring the mixture to an alumina crucible and annealing at 800-1000 degrees C for 1-4 hours at a heating rate of 5 degrees C/minute under nitrogen atmosphere and natural cooling to room temperature, (j) washing the activated carbon powder using 1 M hydrochloride and further washing with distilled water up to neutral pH, and (k) drying the activated carbon powder at 80-100 degrees C for 10-12 hours to obtain PGCNs.