▎ 摘　　要

NOVELTY - Forming (M1) graphene on a metallic nanostructure, involves: coating the metallic nanostructure with a layer of liquid carbon precursor; carbonizing the layer of liquid carbon precursor coated on the metallic nanostructure at a carbonizing temperature to convert the layer of liquid carbon precursor to a layer of amorphous carbon; crystallizing the layer of amorphous carbon at a crystallizing temperature to convert the layer of amorphous carbon to a layer of crystallized graphene; and quenching the layer of crystallized graphene. USE - For forming graphene on a metallic nanostructure; forming an electrode comprising graphene; and forming heat spreader comprising graphene nanocomposite (claimed). The graphenes are used in high performance electrical conductors for electronics, batteries, supercapacitors and hydrogen storage. ADVANTAGE - The obtained 3D graphene porous foam or aerogel electrodes have ultralarge surface area; excellent chemical stability; and are flexible and highly conductive. The nanocomposite containing the graphene has an improved thermal conductivity compared to the pure metal matrix. Due to this improved and superior thermal conductivity, the nanocomposite containing graphene is used to form thermal conducting components such as heat spreaders and heat sinks for high power electronic packaging, integrated circuits, display device and other thermal management applications. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for the following: (1) forming (M2) an electrode comprising graphene, involving: forming at least one layer of metallic nanostructures on a substrate; coating the metallic nanostructures with a layer of liquid carbon precursor; carbonizing the layer of liquid carbon precursor coated on the metallic nanostructures at a carbonizing temperature to convert the layer of liquid carbon precursor to a layer of amorphous carbon; crystallizing the layer of amorphous carbon at a crystallizing temperature to convert the layer of amorphous carbon to a layer of crystallized graphene; and quenching the layer of crystallized graphene; (2) forming (M3) a heat spreader comprising graphene nanocomposite, involving: coating metallic nanostructures with a layer of liquid carbon precursor; carbonizing the layer of liquid carbon precursor coated on the metallic nanostructures at a carbonizing temperature to convert the layer of liquid carbon precursor to a layer of amorphous carbon; crystallizing the layer of amorphous carbon at a crystallizing temperature to convert the layer of amorphous carbon to a layer of crystallized graphene; quenching the layer of crystallized graphene to obtain metallic nanostructures coated with graphene; mixing the metallic nanostructures coated with graphene with a metal powder; processing the mixture to form the graphene nanocomposite; (3) graphene formed on metallic nanostructures using the method (M1); (4) electrode comprising graphene formed using the method (M2); and (5) heat spreader comprising graphene nanocomposites formed using the method (M3).