▎ 摘　　要

NOVELTY - Water distillation apparatus (10) comprises: a transparent housing substantially encasing a photothermal substrate (12) and a condensing surface; a photothermal substrate comprising a hydrophilic and porous photothermal material (13) capable of generating heat upon exposure to sunlight, the photothermal substrate having an upper end (14) and a lower end (16); a condensing surface spaced from the photothermal substrate; a water feeder in fluid contact with the upper end of the photothermal substrate, and configured to introduce a feed aqueous solution to the photothermal substrate so that the feed aqueous solution is continuously fed to the upper end and moves to the lower end of the photothermal substrate; and a condensate collector positioned at a lower end of the transparent housing and configured to collect condensate that runs down the condensing surface. USE - The apparatus is useful: in water distillation system, and water distillation process (all claimed); for desalination or purification of other contaminated water; and for producing distilled water from a range of aqueous solutions which can be a natural source e.g. seawater, river water, or an industrial source e.g. tailings, lithium brine, bore water, and/or brackish water. ADVANTAGE - The apparatus: provides easy setup/build; is structurally stable; has small occupied area, and no height limits; and provides efficient condensation and water collection, maximum light absorption, and controllable brine concentration for discharge. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for: water distillation system; and water distillation process. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure illustrates schematic illustration of a water distillation apparatus. 10Water distillation apparatus 12Photothermal substrate 13Porous photothermal material 14Upper end 16Lower end