▎ 摘　　要

NOVELTY - An absorbing material nanocomposite is prepared by adding graphite powder having particle size of 50-200 meshes into 35 mass% hydrochloric acid solution, stirring for 30 minutes, repeatedly washing with deionized water to neutralize pH, drying, adding dried graphite powder, potassium persulfate, and phosphorus pentoxide into concentrated sulfuric acid to form mixture having pH of 1.5, stirring at 60 degrees C for 1-2 hours, warming at 80 degrees C for 2-4 hours having warming speed of 5 degrees C/minute under stirring condition, and heating at 87 degrees C for 1-2 hours having heating speed of 2 degrees C/minute. USE - Preparation of absorbing material nanocomposite for production of graphene/hollow ferroferric oxide/polyaniline nanocomposites. ADVANTAGE - Process has reduced cost, and product has excellent absorbing performance and improved homogeneity. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An absorbing material nanocomposite is prepared by adding graphite powder having particle size of 50-200 meshes into 35 mass% hydrochloric acid solution, stirring for 30 minutes, repeatedly washing with deionized water to neutralize pH, drying, adding dried graphite powder, potassium persulfate, and phosphorus pentoxide (P2O5) into concentrated sulfuric acid to form mixture having pH of 1.5, stirring at 60 degrees C for 1-2 hours, warming at 80 degrees C for 2-4 hours having warming speed of 5 degrees C/minute under stirring condition, heating at 87 degrees C for 1-2 hours having heating speed of 2 degrees C/minute under stirring condition, diluting mixture with distilled water having pH of 3.6, filtering for 36 hours, adjusting mixture pH to 6-7, drying to room temperature, adding dried mixture and concentrated nitric acid having mass ratio of 1-4:50-100, uniformly stirring at - 8 degrees C for 45-60 minutes having pH of 2-4, adding 1st potassium permanganate (KMnO4), stirring for 30 minutes, cooling at - 12 degrees C, adding 2nd KMnO4, stirring for 30 minutes, cooling at - 15 degrees C, adding 3rd KMnO4, stirring for 20 minutes, pre-oxidizing to obtain graphite mixture, filtering, drying, heating into muffle furnace at 1100 degrees C for 10-20 s, at 1150 degrees C for 13-20 s, and at 1180 degrees C for 20-30 s to obtain expanded graphite, heating expanded graphite into incubator at 40 degrees C, reacting for 3 hours, adding primary distilled water, reacting for 2.5 hours, heating at 40 degrees C, adding secondary distilled water and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), reacting for 10-60 minutes, centrifugally separating at 8000-10000 rpm, washing separated product with hydrochloric acid solution, dialyzing for 7-8 days to obtain graphite oxide, ultrasonically dissolving graphite oxide with dimethylsulfoxide, adding N-hydroxysuccinimide and homemade surface treatment agent, stirring at 35 degrees C for 2 hours, filtering, washing, drying to obtain surface-treated graphite oxide, grafting surface, mixing surface-treated graphite oxide and grafted polymer, heating at 80-95 degrees C, purging with nitrogen, adding tetravalent cerium ion-containing solution, reacting for 2-4 hours under stirring condition, filtering, washing, drying to obtain graphite oxide-grafted polymer, freeze-drying 1-2 g surface-treated graphite oxide and 1-10 g polyethylene oxide-polypropylene oxide-polyethylene oxide tri-block copolymer at - 10-30 degrees C, ultrasonically dispersing with 500 ml ethylene glycol to form primary dispersion liquid, dissolving 4-15 g mixture of ferric chloride hexahydrate (FeCl3.6H2O), iron(II) chloride tetrahydrate (FeCl2.4H2O), and iron acetylacetone, 6-25 g polyvinylpyrrolidone, and 10-50 g ammonium acetate (NH4Ac) into 500-1000 ml ethylene glycol to form secondary dispersion liquid, mixing primary dispersion liquid and secondary dispersion liquid, stirring, adjusting pH to 8-10 using ammonia water to obtain clear solution, adding 10 ml clear solution into reactor, sealing, heating at 150 degrees C for 2 hours, at 200 degrees C for 4 hours having heating speed of 2-4 degrees C/minute, and at 235 degrees C for 3 hours having heating speed of 3-6 degrees C/minute, cooling at 200 degrees C for 2 hours having cooling speed of 5-7 degrees C/minute, heating at 235 degrees C for 7 hours having heating speed of 3-6 degrees C/minute, reacting, cooling to room temperature having cooling speed of 3-6 degrees C/minute, centrifugally separating black powder at 8000-10000 rpm for 10 minutes, washing with anhydrous ethanol and deionized water for 3 times each, drying at 50-70 degrees C for 24 hours under vacuum condition to obtain primary product, adding 5 g primary product and 5-10 g aniline monomer into sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid solution, ultrasonically dispersing for 65 minutes, dissolving 3 g ammonium persulfate into 80-120 ml distilled water, slowly dripping to obtain secondary product, reacting for 15 hours under stirring condition, filtering, washing filtrate with distilled water and ethanol, and drying at 50-70 degrees C for 24-36 hours under vacuum condition in which mass ratio graphite powder:potassium persulfate:P2O5 :concentrated sulfuric acid is 1-3:1-2:1-2:5-10, mass ratio 1st KMnO4:2nd KMnO4:3rd KMnO4 is 1:2:3, ratio dried mixture:total KMnO4 is 1-2:10-15, addition amount of secondary distilled water is 1-1.5 times weight of primary distilled water, volume ratio secondary distilled water:H2O2 is 4-20:1, volume of hydrochloric acid solution is 10-50 times volume of separated product, mass ratio graphite oxide:grafted polymer is 1-2:1-3, grafted polymer comprises methyl methacrylate, glycidyl methacrylate, dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate, and diethylaminoethyl methacrylate having mass ratio of 1:1:2:1, mass ratio FeCl3.6H2O:FeCl2.4H2O:iron acetylacetone is 1:1:0.5, and mass ratio primary product:sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid is 1-1.5:8-15.