▎ 摘　　要

NOVELTY - Method (m1) of forming graphene-like material (20) or graphene comprises: forming a liquid solution of a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) in a solvent so that the solution will float on the surface of a layer of water (16) without substantial dissolution or extraction of the PAH into the water; forming a layer of the solution of the PAH on the surface of a layer of water; and evaporating the solvent from the layer of solution of the PAH. USE - The method is useful for forming graphene-like material or graphene (claimed) which is useful in nanofluids. ADVANTAGE - The method: is cost-effective; produces easily storable or transferable graphene layers; produces the graphene-like material which provides improved thermal conductivity for nanofluids; and utilizes inexpensive water as the supporting liquid layer for the initial solution of the PAH material. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Method (m1) of forming graphene-like material (20) or graphene comprises: forming a liquid solution of a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) in a solvent so that the solution will float on the surface of a layer of water (16) without substantial dissolution or extraction of the PAH into the water; forming a layer of the solution of the PAH on the surface of a layer of water; and evaporating the solvent from the layer of solution of the PAH to form a residual layer of PAH, graphene-like material on the layer of water. The layer of water and the overlying layer of the solution are contained to form a surface area for a desired planar configuration for the solution of PAH. The residual layer of polycyclic hydrocarbon is in the form of a substantially molecular film of organized molecules of PAH that are substantially compliant with the surface of the water layer. The film has a thickness of less than a nanometer. INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for: (1) a method (m2) of forming graphene-like material or graphene comprising: (a) forming a liquid solution of the PAH in an aromatic organic compound solvent so that the solution is immiscible with water; (b) forming a layer of the water-immiscible solution of the PAH on the surface of a layer of water of a depth up to a few millimeters at an ambient temperature and without heating, the layer of water is contained on a base (15) of solid material and confined on its sides to form a surface area for a desired planar configuration of the graphene or graphene-like material; (c) reducing the atmospheric pressure over the solution layer and evaporating the solvent from the layer of solution of the PAH to form a residual layer of PAH on the layer of water, where the residual layer of polycyclic hydrocarbon is in the form of a film of a continuous body or discontinuous bodies of organized molecules of PAH that are substantially compliant with the surface of the water layer, and the film has a thickness of less than a few nanometers; (d) evaporating the water layer to deposit the film of organized molecules of PAH onto the base of solid material; and (e) heating the film of organized molecules of PAH in a vacuum or inert atmosphere to reduce the content of hydrogen atoms in the material to leave a carbon-enriched residue on the solid material, where the carbon-enriched residue is characterized by at least one two-dimensional layer of connected six-member rings of carbon atoms, in nature of graphene; and (2) a method (m3) of forming graphene-like material or graphene comprising: forming a liquid solution of a PAH in a first solvent; forming a layer of the solution of PAH on an underlying supporting layer of a liquid that is immiscible with the liquid solution; evaporating the first solvent to form a substantially single molecular layer of the PAH on the liquid supporting layer; and removing the liquid supporting layer and depositing the molecular layer of PAH on a substrate as a graphene-like material. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows an enlarged view of the processing system or arrangement using a rectangular shaped processing pan with four vertical sides and a flat base. Pan (12) Solid plate member (14) Base (15) Layer of water (16) Graphene-like material (20)