▎ 摘　　要

NOVELTY - The electrode has a carbon element provided with a first face and an opposing second face, where a portion of the carbon element is modified to contain an increased number of lithium nucleation sites compared to the carbon element in an unmodified state. The carbon element comprises carbon nanotubes, carbon nanofibers, carbon paper and graphene paper. The carbon element defines the electrode and a current collector. A lithophilic layer is made of silver (Ag), gold (Au), aluminum (Al), silicon (Si) and tin (Sn). Dopant is nitrogen (N), sulfur (S), phosphorus (P) and boron (B). USE - Electrode for an electrochemical cell of an electrochemical energy storage device i.e. lithium-ion battery used in an automotive product e.g. start-stop system such as 12V start-stop system, battery-assisted system, hybrid electric vehicle and electric vehicle. ADVANTAGE - The lithium is plated onto the electrode to create a lithium-coated electrode that serves as a lithium-coated current collector with a lithium-coated modified carbon material during plating, so that the electrode can withstand significant volume changes during cycling. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for: (1) an electrochemical cell; and (2) a method for making an electrode. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic view of a lithium ion battery. Electrochemical cell (20) Negative electrode current collector (32) Positive electrode current collector (34) External circuit (40) Load device (42)