▎ 摘　　要

NOVELTY - Anchoring monometal composite material comprises a defect-based compound, a single metal atom supported on the defect-based compound, and sulfur-doped nano-carbon, the sulfur-doped nano-carbon has a multi-level pore structure, and the defect-based compound is distributed in the multi-level pore structure of the sulfur-doped nano-carbon, the content of metal monoatoms in the defect-based compound carrying the monoatoms is 0.1-20 at%, and the defect-based compound includes metal oxides, metal sulfides, and/or metal nitrides. USE - The anchoring monometal composite material is useful in preparation of rechargeable lithium metal-based battery, lithium-sulfur battery or lithium-air battery (claimed). ADVANTAGE - The method: is simple, has mild conditions, easy to realize industrialization. The material: provides rich catalytic active centers, has good application prospects in rechargeable lithium metal-based batteries. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for: (1) preparing anchor monometal composite material; (2) rechargeable lithium metal-based battery cathode; (3) preparing rechargeable lithium metal-based battery cathode; and (4) rechargeable lithium metal-based battery.