▎ 摘　　要

NOVELTY - A method for the oxidation, intercalation and exfoliation of graphite or any kind of commercial graphite plates or obtaining nanoscale graphene sheets, comprises: (a) placing a container in a graphite with an oxidizing agent such inorganic persulfate; (b) pre-mixing the materials; (c) integrating the material of (a); (d) subjecting the mixture produced in (c) to ultrasound; (e) carrying oxidation; (f) facilitating the intercalation and exfoliation of graphite using a surfactant; and (g) filtering. USE - The method is useful for the oxidation, intercalation and exfoliation of graphite or any kind of commercial graphite plates or obtaining nanoscale graphene sheets (claimed). ADVANTAGE - The method efficiently provides nanometric films or sheets of graphene that can operate at the nanometer scale at room temperature with semiconductor properties that no other offers and may create unexpected new miniaturized electronic devices. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A method for the oxidation, intercalation and exfoliation of graphite or any kind of commercial graphite plates or obtaining nanoscale graphene sheets, comprises: (a) container is placed in a graphite with an oxidizing agent such inorganic persulfate (also known as peroxydisulfate) with metallic sodium counterion (Na+), potassium (K+) or ammonium (NH4+), the oxidizing agent (AO) is used in a ratio by weight of graphite (AO:G) from 0.1:1 to 20:1 w/w, preferably at a ratio of 1:1 to 8:1 weight/weight; (b) both materials can be premixed or dry; (c) the material of (a) is integrated to a volume of water from 10-200 pts.wt. by weight of oxidizing agent, preferably used from 25-50 pts.wt. of water by weight of oxidizing agent; (d) the mixture produced in (c) is subjected to ultrasound for a while for 20-240 minutes, preferably for 60-120 minutes, the device can be bath sonification device, or spear, therefore, the frequency of sonication for the exfoliation can be variable, depending on the equipment; an intensive mixer device is also feasible to be used to facilitate peeling, although the use of ultrasound is more efficient; other methods such as using ball mills or mechanical wear may also be feasible to carry out this process; (e) the oxidation is carried out within a temperature range of 15-150 degrees C, preferably 30-70 degrees C; (f) facilitating the intercalation and exfoliation of graphite using a surfactant, which may be of ammonium cationic or nonionic; the use of a compound such as dodecylbenzene sulfonate anionic sodium lauryl ether sulfate, sodium dodecylsulfate, or other preferably water soluble; the concentration of surfactant is 1x10-3 at 10% weight/weight of the water is preferably used a concentration w/w surfactant 1x10-3 to 0.1 for the content of water; and (g) after the period of oxidation-intercalation-exfoliation solids are filtered, washed with water to remove the foam and reach a pH 7 and later evaporate the wastewater.