▎ 摘　　要

NOVELTY - Preparing nitrogen-doped graphene carbon material comprises e.g. adding the transition metal salt into halogen element strong oxidizing acid, stirring until completely dissolved, and passing argon or nitrogen into solution, taking aniline and dissolving in the solution A, ultrasonically processing for 10-30 minutes to obtain aniline salt solution, taking hydrogen peroxide and adding to the halogenated strong oxidizing acid, stirring for 5-10 minutes, and passing argon or nitrogen into solution for 10-30 minutes to obtain a solution B, keeping the aniline salt solution under ice bath, stirring, and dripping the solution B in the aniline salt solution, stirring and reacting, stopping stirring, allowing to stand for 12-24 hours at 0-5 degrees C to obtain suspension, adding the suspension liquid, allowing to stand and filtering, filtering the obtained filter cake, vacuum drying at 80-100 degrees C for 12-24 hours to obtain the modified aniline-metal polymer, heating, reacting, and cooling. USE - The material is useful as: a cathode catalyst of a hydrogen-oxygen fuel cell or a cathode material of lithium, sodium battery and carbon energy storage; heavy metal ion adsorbent; and a carbon aerogel insulation material (all claimed). DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Preparing nitrogen-doped graphene carbon material comprises (i) adding the transition metal salt into 100-300 ml 0.5-2 mol/l halogen element strong oxidizing acid, stirring until completely dissolved, and passing argon or nitrogen into solution for 10-30 minutes to obtain solution A, (ii) taking aniline and dissolving in the solution A, ultrasonically processing for 10-30 minutes to obtain aniline salt solution, (iii) taking hydrogen peroxide and adding to the concentration of 0.5-2 mol/l 20-100 ml halogenated strong oxidizing acid, stirring for 5-10 minutes, and passing argon or nitrogen into solution for 10-30 minutes to obtain a solution B, (iv) keeping the aniline salt solution under ice bath, stirring, and dripping the solution B in the aniline salt solution, stirring and reacting at 0-5 degrees C when the solution surface to generate a layer of oily, stopping stirring, allowing to stand for 12-24 hours at 0-5 degrees C to obtain suspension, (v) adding the suspension liquid, allowing to stand and filtering, filtering the obtained filter cake, vacuum drying at 80-100 degrees C for 12-24 hours to obtain the modified aniline-metal polymer, and taking the modified amine-metal polymer precursor to grind as precursor, (vi) grinding, adding the 100-400 mg precursor into the quartz boat, pushing the quartz boat to the quartz tube, rubber plug for sealing two ends of the quartz tube port, introducing nitrogen gas into the quartz tube for 15-30 minutes, and (vi) providing the precursor to process and placing in the quartz tube, heating up to 100-250 degrees C and reacting for 1-2 hours, heating up to 300-450 degrees C to react for 1-2 hours, reacting at 600-1500 degrees C to for 1-5 hours, and cooling the reaction product after taking out the reaction product.