▎ 摘　　要

NOVELTY - A catalyst comprises an active component and a carrier and is a cerium-zirconium-metal oxide/carbon. The carrier is a carbon carrier. The active component is a metal oxide composite of cerium, zirconium and metal (M) chosen from at least one of copper and nickel. Based on the weight ratio of the carrier, the content of cerium is 12-40 wt.%, the content of zirconium is 3-12 wt.%, and the content of copper or nickel is 8-20 wt.%. USE - Catalyst for carbonylation of methanol to produce acetic acid (claimed). ADVANTAGE - The catalyst is free of halogen addition in the process of producing acetic acid through carbonylation of methanol, has low corrosivity, and high selectivity of target product acetic acid. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A catalyst comprises an active component and a carrier and is a cerium-zirconium-metal oxide/carbon of formula: CeZrMOx/C, where x is number of oxygen atoms required to satisfy the oxidation state of cerium, zirconium and metal (M). The carrier is a carbon carrier. The active component is a metal oxide composite of cerium, zirconium and metal (M) chosen from at least one of copper and nickel. Based on the weight ratio of the carrier, the content of cerium is 12-40 wt.%, the content of zirconium is 3-12 wt.%, and the content of copper or nickel is 8-20 wt.%. INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for the following: (1) preparation of the catalyst, which involves (S1) adding the carrier into nitric acid solution, heating and refluxing at 70-150°C for 3-14 hours, filtering, washing with deionized water until neutral, drying and grinding, adding the nitric acid-treated carrier into acetone or alcohol according to ratio of 1 g: 10-50 mL and ultrasonically-processing for 2-6 hours, (S2) dissolving the metal cerium salt and zirconium salt in acetone or alcohol, stirring and mixing to obtain a metal salt mixture with a total ion concentration of cerium and zirconium of 0.5-1 mol/L, adding the metal salt mixture in the solution obtained in the step (S1), stirring at room temperature for 72-120 hours, drying, calcining and grinding to obtain a catalyst precursor loaded with cerium and zirconium, (S3) adding the catalyst precursor loaded with cerium and zirconium to the alcohol according to the ratio of 1 g: 20-50 mL and ultrasonically-processing for 1-3 hours to obtain solution (A), (S4) adding the salt of metal (M) into the alcohol according to the ratio of 1 g:20-50 mL and ultrasonically-processing for 1-3 hours to obtain solution (B), (S5) adding an alkali to the alcohol and ultrasonically-processing for 1-3 hours to obtain solution (C), (S6) mixing the solution (A) and solution (C), adding the solution (B) in drops to the mixture of solution (A) and solution (C) at 50-140°C, stirring and refluxing for 2-4 hours, filtering, washing until neutral, drying, calcining, tableting, molding and sieving through a 20-60 mesh sieve. The alkali is sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide or aqueous ammonia. The molar ratio of alkali to the metal (M) is (4-8):1; and (2) preparation of acetic acid by catalyzing the carbonylation of methanol with the catalyst, which involves loading the catalyst into a fixed-bed reactor, introducing hydrogen-containing gas for reduction and activation, and introducing carbon monoxide-containing gas passed through to replace and cooling to 250-350°C, passing the methanol solution at a space velocity of 1-6 hour-1, vaporizing at 100-200°C, bringing the carbon monoxide-containing gas into the reactor, and carrying out carbonylation at 2-5 MPa. The molar ratio of carbon monoxide to the methanol solution in the reactant is 5-50.