▎ 摘　　要

NOVELTY - Electrochromic material, comprises electrochromic molecules and electrolytes at material ratio of 0.001-1000. The electrochromic molecule comprises an electroacid structural unit and dye structural unit. The electrochromic molecules are spiro2,11-dihydropyrrolo3,4-aphenoxazine-3,10'-9H-anthracene-1-one derivatives (I)-(VIII). USE - The electrochromic material is useful in electrochromic medium of electrochromic device (claimed). ADVANTAGE - The electrochromic material: is obtained by connecting the electroacid molecule and the dye molecule on one molecule, and the high molar absorption coefficient of the dye molecule and the color tunability of the electroacid mechanism design molecule are taken into consideration, and the electroacid molecule is accompanied by color change in the process of oxidation/reduction, and the superposition of the color of the dye molecule realizes the preparation of black electrochromic materials; produces electrochromic device, which has high contrast ratio, high coloring efficiency, fast response speed and fading speed, excellent cycle stability and long bistable retention time. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Electrochromic material, comprises electrochromic molecules and electrolytes at material ratio of 0.001-1000. The electrochromic molecule comprises an electroacid structural unit and dye structural unit. The electrochromic molecules are spiro2,11-dihydropyrrolo3,4-aphenoxazine-3,10'-9H-anthracene-1-one derivatives of formulae (I)-(VIII). Y = O, S or Si(CH3)2; R1-R16= H, halogen, hydroxy, amino, optionally substituted 1-24C alkyl, 1-24C alkoxy, 1-24C alkylamino, 6-24C aryl or 7-24C groups containing both aryl rings and alkanes. An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for electrochromic device, comprising a first electrode, a second electrode, an electrochromic medium, an ion exchange membrane and an auxiliary medium, the electrochromic medium comprises the electrochromic material and a liquid medium or a solid medium, the electrochromic material is dispersed in the liquid medium or the solid medium.