▎ 摘　　要

NOVELTY - Production of graphene involves performing an electrolysis process between an electrolysis anode (a1) and an electrolysis cathode in a molten carbonate electrolyte for generating a carbon nanomaterial on the cathode, and electrochemically exfoliating the carbon nanomaterial from an anode (a2) for producing graphene. USE - Production of graphene used as lubricant and environmental sorbent, for forming battery anode, capacitor, and admixtures, and in electromotive force-shielding and catalytic applications. ADVANTAGE - The method enables production of graphene with excellent electroconductivity and sensing properties, high yield and purity, improved morphology and uniformity, and reduced energy consumption, without forming the transition metal nucleation sites on the cathode. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for the following: (1) production of the carbon nanoplatelets; (2) production of carbon nano-onions, which involves heating a carbonate electrolyte comprising an oxide additive; and (3) production of graphene carbon nanoscaffolds, which involves heating a carbonate salt for obtaining a molten carbonate electrolyte containing a transition metal nucleation agent, which is enriched in non-lithium carbonates.