▎ 摘　　要

NOVELTY - Composite material comprises a layered double hydroxide or a layered silicate and a polyacrylonitrile with a relative nitrogen mass fraction of less than 20% based on the molecular weight of polyacrylonitrile, which is at least partially decomposed to graphene layers. USE - The composite materials with graphene layers is useful for producing graphene layers (claimed). ADVANTAGE - The composite material: with graphene layers exhibits the mechanical strength and electrical conductivity properties of graphene layers and the insulation- and filler functionality properties of layered silicates or layered double hydroxides; produces graphene layers with low layer thickness and; and exhibits a nature similar to the layered double hydroxides or layered silicates and thus can be used for known processes and methods in which the layered silicates or layered double hydroxides are used as starting materials. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for: (1) producing the composite materials with graphene layers, comprising adding acrylonitrile to the layered double hydroxide or silicate layer, polymerizing the acrylonitrile to polyacrylonitrile, subsequently decomposing the polyacrylonitrile at least partially to graphene layers by calcination so that the composite material is produced with a relative nitrogen mass fraction of less than 20% based on the molecular weight of polyacrylonitrile; (2) the composite material with graphene layers, produced by the above mentioned method; and (3) preparing the graphene layers, comprising acid or alkali treatment of a composite material with graphene layers.