▎ 摘　　要

NOVELTY - Battery electrode comprises: (a) a porous silicon microstructure precursor; (b) a silicon shell coating deposited on the silicon microstructure precursor; and (c) a graphene coating deposited on the silicon shell coating, where the graphene coating encapsulates the silicon shell coating forming a graphene-encapsulated silicon-shell-protected porous silicon microstructure precursor battery electrode. USE - Used as battery electrode. ADVANTAGE - The electrode utilizes the pressure-resistant silicon structure that significantly improves mechanical stability, while providing void space to accommodate the volume expansion and greatly improving Coulombic efficiency, utilizes the silicon shell that significantly improves mechanical stability, rendering the structure able to resist a high pressure of 100 MPa and survive the calendaring process after calendaring both electrical contact and volumetric capacity are improved, increases the tap density from 0.14-0.47 g cm-3 after assembling the nanoparticles into clusters, and further increased to 0.79 g cm-3 after silicon shell coating, utilizes the dense silicon shell that prevents the electrolyte from diffusing to the interior pores and thus decreases side reactions and solid electrolyte interphase formation, improving both the first- and later-cycle Coulombic efficiencies and the inner porous structure provides void space to accommodate the large volume expansion, enabling good cycling stability and utilizes the graphene cage outer coating that is mechanically strong and flexible, it guarantees a stable interfacial layer with electrolyte and retains structural integrity during cycling.