▎ 摘　　要

NOVELTY - Sponge like nanomaterial obtained from graphene oxide comprising sonicating graphene oxide in deionized-water solution and freezing the sonicated material, is claimed. USE - The sponge like nanomaterial is useful: as a supercapacitor; in the construction of a lithium battery; in a device to rescue birds exposed to oil spill; separating oil from water, where the oil water mixture is ocean water-oil mixture; and extracting oil from waste water of oil sands. ADVANTAGE - The sponge like nanomaterial: is hydrophobic and has a capacitance of at least 196F/g; is capable of separating oil from water; capable of separating organic solvent from water; and provides a composition of matter, which is capable of absorbing 30-200 times of its weight, preferably absorbs at least 30 times of its weight of oil in less than 10 seconds (claimed); is light weight; has excellent electrochemical characteristics; adsorbs oil and other pollutants, and allows them to be easily removed from aqueous solution; is highly oleophilic; and is economical material with high specific capacitance and high conductivity. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for: (1) a device to rescue birds exposed to oil spill, comprising a wrap made of the sponge like nanomaterial obtained from graphene or graphene oxide which is capable of absorbing oil from the feathers and skin of the bird; (2) a lithium battery comprising a half cell comprised of the sponge like nanomaterial, a lithium metal severing as a reference electrode and a 1M solution of lithium hexafluorophosphate as an electrolyte; (3) a composition of matter comprising a natural or artificial sponge having many fibers at least partially coated with graphene; (4) preparing the composition of matter, comprising (a) dipping a dried and de-greased natural or artificial sponge into a graphene-solvent solution, (b) drying the sponge in vacuum oven, (c) dipping into a solution containing binding agent, (d) drying the sponge in vacuum oven, (e) optionally repeating the steps (a)-(d) and (f) optionally grinding, pressing, or cutting the composition to a desired format; (5) separating oil from water, comprising providing a natural or artificial sponge having many fibers, where the fibers are at least partially coated with graphene, contacting an oil-water mix with the composition, allowing the composition to absorb the oil from the mix, removing the composition, extracting the oil from the composition and reusing the composition; and (6) extracting oil from waste water of oil sands, comprising providing a natural or artificial sponge having many fibers, where the fibers are at least partially coated with graphene, contacting the waste water from oil sands with the composition, allowing the composition to absorb the oil from waste water from the oil sand, removing the composition when no more absorption takes place and extracting the oil from the composition.