▎ 摘　　要

NOVELTY - Composite material, preferably a carbon-based polyaniline composite material prepared by in-situ polymerization and deposition of polyaniline in the pores of the carbon material by using the carbon material as a porous matrix. USE - The composite material is useful for extracting niobium in steel, energy, super alloy, superconducting, nuclear reaction, aerospace and electronic fields. ADVANTAGE - The composite material: has good chemical stability and water resistance; is economical, non-toxic and non-corrosive; utilizes less green energy; and preparation method is simple. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for: Preparing composite material, comprising (i) pickling the carbon material with an acid solution, washing and drying it for later use; (ii) placing the aniline and the carbon material in an acidic solution, stirring and mixing under ice bath conditions, adding an oxidant and carrying out the in-situ polymerization with stirring; and (iii) washing, filtering and drying the product; and Extracting the composite material of niobium, comprising making the niobium-containing minerals or waste materials or metallurgical slag into an aqueous solution, adding the carbon-based polyaniline composite material into the aqueous solution, and performing complexation reaction by constant temperature oscillation.