▎ 摘　　要

NOVELTY - The element (100) has a first electrode (111) arranged over an insulating film. A second electrode (112) is placed over the insulating film. A first conductive film (121) is electrically connected to the first electrode. A second conductive film is electrically connected to the second electrode. The second electrode is located apart from the first electrode. Each of the first electrode and the second electrode includes graphene. The first electrode and the second electrode are separated by a divider, where the divider includes graphene oxide. USE - Element for a touch panel (claimed) of devices. Uses include but are not limited to a semiconductor device, a display device, an LCD device, a light-emitting device, a lighting device, a power storage device, a memory device, an input device and an input/output device. ADVANTAGE - The element ensures that a substrate resistance to heat during manufacturing process with thickness and size matched with that of a manufacturing apparatus prevents diffusion of impurities to the element. The element increases aperture ratio so as to reduce power consumption rate or maintain higher luminance rate as size of the element is small. The element can reduce number of manufacturing steps as an active element is not utilized, so that manufacturing cost can be reduced or yield can be improved. The element allows a user to easily view character or image information displayed on a region of a portable data processing device while the portable data processing device is placed in a breast pocket of users clothes, where the region is formed on an upper portion of the portable data processing device. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a method for manufacturing a film. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic view of a structure of an element. Row direction for extending a first electrode (X1) Element (100) Electrodes (111, 112) Opening (114c) Conductive films (121, 121)