▎ 摘　　要

NOVELTY - Synthesing graphene molecules comprises: intercalating second species between first and second adjacent graphene sheets comprising exposing first and second adjacent graphene sheets to a first species under a set of conditions which facilitates electrochemical intercalation of the first species between the first and second graphene sheets, producing an activated graphene material; and exposing the activated graphene material to a second species under a set of conditions which facilitates electrochemical intercalation of second species between the first and second adjacent graphene sheets of the activated graphene material, where the first species, intercalated between the first and second adjacent graphene sheets, facilitates intercalation of the second species between the first and second adjacent graphene sheets. USE - The method is useful for synthesizing graphene molecules to synthesizing functionalized graphene sheet and producing neutral species (all claimed). ADVANTAGE - The method: free of harsh oxidation and/or reduction of graphene in order to attach functional groups, which can introduce many hole defects on graphene sheets; simple, scalable (e.g. using industrial electrolysis technology), and cost-effective, without need for long reaction times, harsh power sonication, surfactants, reactive graphite intercalation compounds, and/ or non-ideal electrochemical methods; and utilizes graphene layers beneficially acts as physical spacers between adjacent sheets of graphene, further enhancing intercalation expansion process, thus increasing yield. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for: (1) synthesizing the functionalized graphene sheet, comprising exposing first and second adjacent graphene sheets to a cationic species having a diameter of at least 3 degrees F under a set of conditions which facilitates electrochemical intercalation of the cationic species between the first and second adjacent graphene sheets, producing an activated graphene species, and reacting the activated graphene species with a functional group precursor to form a functionalized graphene molecule; and (2) producing neutral species comprising exposing first and second adjacent graphene sheets to a cationic species under a set of conditions which facilitates electrochemical intercalation of the cationic species between the first and second adjacent graphene sheets, producing an activated graphene material, where, under the set of conditions, the cationic species, intercalated between the first and second adjacent graphene sheets, undergoes an electrochemical transformation.