▎ 摘　　要

NOVELTY - The graphene field effect transistor sensor or molecular sensor for the detection and analysis of molecules and molecular components, comprises a region of graphene including an aperture extending through a thickness of the graphene region, an electrically conducting source region (12), an electrically conducting drain region (14), a transistor channel region connected between the source and drain regions and including an aperture extending through the thickness of the graphene, a supply reservoir connected to provide a species to the aperture, and a collection reservoir. USE - The graphene field effect transistor sensor or molecular sensor is useful for the detection and analysis of molecules and molecular components, where the molecules include ssDNA, dsDNA or RNA strands, oligonucleotides or nucleic acids such as proteins, other biomolecules and non-biological molecules. ADVANTAGE - The graphene field effect transistor sensor or molecular sensor has high resolution and sensitivity, provides an improved signal-to-noise ratio, achieves single nucleotide sensitivity, and enables single-base sensing resolution in gene sequencing. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The graphene field effect transistor sensor or molecular sensor for the detection and analysis of molecules and molecular components, comprises a region of graphene including an aperture extending through a thickness of the graphene region, an electrically conducting source region (12), an electrically conducting drain region (14), a transistor channel region connected between the source and drain regions and including an aperture extending through the thickness of the graphene, a supply reservoir connected to provide a species to the aperture, a collection reservoir connected to collect the species after the translocation of the species through the aperture, an electrical connection to the graphene region to measure a change in an electrical characteristic of the graphene region during the species translocation, an electrical connection to the source and drain regions to measure a change in transistor current caused by electrical gating of the channel region by species translocating through the aperture, a unit for measuring a change in an electrical characteristic of the graphene region as a component of a molecule interacting with the aperture, an electrical circuit, an electrically insulating passivation layer over the source region, the drain region and the channel region, a solid state and electrically conducting sensing region including an aperture extending through a thickness of the sensing region, and an electrical connection to the sensing region to measure a change in an electrical characteristic of the sensing region during the molecular species translocation. The graphene region comprises less than hundred layers of graphene, and a graphitic flake. The aperture comprises a nanopore having a diameter less than 5 nm. The aperture is disposed at a first edge of the graphene region providing a continuous portion of the graphene region between the aperture and an opposite edge of the graphene region. The electrical circuit is connected to the electrical connection to measure a change in electrical conductance of the graphene region and the sensing region during species translocation. The graphene region is configured as a transistor element in the electrical circuit. The electrical connection comprises two electrodes connected at opposite edges of the graphene region. The two electrodes comprise source and drain regions. The supply reservoir is configured to provide a species comprising components of biomolecules such as DNA molecules, RNA molecules and nucleotides e.g. oligonucleotides to the aperture for gating the channel region. The source region, the drain region and the channel region are all disposed on a support structure (28) through which an aperture extends. The support structure comprises a silicon substrate and a membrane. The membrane comprises group of oxide and nitride. The insulating passivation layer includes an aperture in alignment with the graphene region aperture. The sensing region and the channel region have a thickness that corresponds to a characteristic extent of the component of the molecular species provided by the supply reservoir for translocation. A thickness of the sensing region is substantially less than the characteristic extent of the biomolecules such as oligonucleotide and DNA base provided by the supply reservoir. An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for a method for molecular analysis. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The diagram shows a perspective schematic view of a molecular sensor. Electrically conducting source region (12) Electrically conducting drain region (14) Sensing circuit (16) Molecular sensing channel region (18) Support structure. (28)