▎ 摘　　要

NOVELTY - Sensing device for measuring battery comprises (a) several carbon-based sensors enclosed within the battery pack, where each carbon-based sensor coupled between a corresponding pair of electrodes and including several three dimensional (3D) graphene-based sensing materials. The 3D graphene-based sensing materials of a first carbon-based sensor are functionalized with a first material configured to detect a presence of each analyte of a first group of analytes. The 3D graphene-based sensing materials of a second carbon-based sensor are functionalized with a second material configured to detect a presence of each analyte of a second group of analytes. USE - The sensing device is useful for measuring battery pack, and detecting analyte. The analyte is chosen from carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, nitrogen dioxide, one or more hydrocarbons including methane, ethylene, ethane or propane, one or more acids including hydrochloric acid or hydrofluoric acid, one or more fluorinated hydrocarbons including phosphorus oxyfluoride, hydrogen cyanide, one or more aromatics including benzene, toluene or ethanol, hydrogen, carbonate based electrolytes including ethylene carbonate, dimethyl carbonate, propylene carbonate, and one or more reduced sulfur compounds (all claimed). ADVANTAGE - The sensing device detects analyte with high accuracy and sensitivity.