▎ 摘　　要

NOVELTY - Non-isotropic article comprises: a substrate formed of a metallic material or a polymeric material, and a layered and/or graded polymeric coating applied to at least a portion of an outer surface of the substrate and forming an outer surface of the article, where the coating, after curing, contains an icephobic material addition composed solids of the cured polymeric coating, and contains at least one biocidal powder addition of a metallic material and/or a metal compound comprising a metal chosen from silver, cobalt, copper, nickel, tin, and zinc; or at least one metallic material layer comprising at least one metal chosen from aluminum, cobalt, copper, iron, nickel, tin, titanium and zinc; a polymeric coating applied to at least portion of an outer surface of the metallic material layer which, where the coating, after curing, contains an icephobic material addition composed solids of the cured polymeric coating, and at least one biocidal powder addition. USE - The article is used for forming a portion of an automotive, an aircraft, a spacecraft, a sporting good/component, or a personal protective equipment, and forming a portion of a face mask (all claimed). The article is used in: aerospace components and components including wings, wing components including flaps and access covers, structural spars and ribs, propellers, rotors and rotor blades, stators and stator vanes, rudders, covers, fuselage portions, nose cones, and landing gear; automotive components including heat shields, oil, transmission and brake components, fluid tanks and exposed housings including oil and transmission pans, spoilers, grill-guards and running boards, vehicle chassis portions including hood, doors and side panels, gas tanks and engine covers; sporting goods including hockey sticks, skate blades, helmets, face masks, golf shafts, heads, balls and faceplates, ski and snowboard components including bindings, and bicycle components; industrial/consumer products and components including face masks, solar panels, turbines and windmills; and touch-surfaces which are prone to wear and the spreading of diseases. The article is used in various applications including transportation applications (including automotive, aerospace, ships and other vessels navigating on land, in air, space and on water, and their components), defense applications, industrial components, building materials, consumer and commercial products, electronic equipment or appliances and their components, sporting goods and any other indoor or outdoor equipment. ADVANTAGE - The article utilizes anisotropic polymeric coatings suited for strong and lightweight components required in aerospace, automotive and sporting goods applications, and has icephobic and liquid repellent and/or self-cleaning and/or biocidal outer surfaces that display low ice-adhesion strength which are biocidal with increased wear, erosion and abrasion resistance, durability, strength, stiffness, thermal conductivity and thermal cycling capability. The article is lightweight and durable, has icephobic, and/or biocidal non-isotropic properties, high scratch and abrasion resistant, and ensures high water repellency, and flexural, tensile, torsional, impact and/or fatigue strength. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Non-isotropic article comprises: a substrate formed of a metallic material or a polymeric material, and a layered and/or graded polymeric coating having a total thickness of at least 2.5 mu m applied to at least a portion of an outer surface of the substrate and forming an outer surface of the article, where the polymeric coating, after curing (i) contains an icephobic material addition composed entirely of solids representing up to 25 wt.% of the cured polymeric coating, (ii) contains at least one biocidal powder addition of a metallic material and/or a metal compound comprising a metal chosen from silver, cobalt, copper, nickel, tin, and zinc, where the biocidal powder addition represents up to 75% per weight of the cured polymeric coating, (iii) has a Shore D-Scale Hardness of at least 40, (iv) has a contact angle for water greater than 90 degrees , (v) has an ice adhesion of less than 500 kPa as prepared and after 5 icing/deicing cycles when measured based on U.S. Army Engineer Research and Development Center's/Cold Region Research and Engineering Laboratory (ERDC/CRREL) Technical Note 03-4, where the non-isotropic article has a pull-off strength between the substrate and an exposed outer surface of the cured polymeric coating, based on standard American society for testing and materials (ASTM) 4541D, of at least 500 psi, and where the non-isotropic article after 24 hours at 37 degrees C displays a radius of no growth on a zone inhibition test for microorganisms of at least 0.1 mm; or at least one metallic material layer having a total thickness of at least 25 mu m comprising at least one metal chosen from aluminum, cobalt, copper, iron, nickel, tin, titanium and zinc, a polymeric coating having a total thickness of at least 2.5 mu m applied to at least portion of an outer surface of the metallic material layer, where the polymeric coating, after curing (i) contains an icephobic material addition composed entirely of solids representing up to 25 wt.% of the cured polymeric coating, (ii) contains at least one biocidal powder addition representing up to 75 wt.% of the cured polymeric coating, (iii) has a Shore D-Scale Hardness of at least 20, (iv) has a sand erosion value according to standard ASTM G76 at an impingement angle of 90 degrees of less than 10 mm3/kg, (v) is hydrophobic, and (vi) has an ice adhesion of less than 400 kPa as prepared and after 5 icing/deicing cycles when measured based on ERDC/CRREL Technical Note 03-4, where the non-isotropic article exhibits no failure after being exposed to at least one temperature cycle according to ASTM B553-71 service condition 1, where the non-isotropic article has a pull-off strength between the metallic material layer and the exposed outer surface of the cured polymeric coating, based on standard ASTM 4541D, of at least 500 psi, and where the non-isotropic article after 24 hours at 37 degrees C displays a radius of no growth on a zone inhibition test for microorganisms of at least 0.1 mm.