▎ 摘　　要

NOVELTY - Conductive activated carbon cathode material, is claimed. The pitch coke with carbon content of 70-80 wt.% is used as raw material, using tin chloride and antimony chloride as activation catalysts, catalytic activation at 700-1000℃ to prepare conductive activated carbon, and there is no need to separate and remove the activated catalyst after the pitch coke is activated. The antimony-doped tin(IV) oxide formed in the activation process is simultaneously used as carbon material activation catalyst, conductive agent for conductive activated carbon, and active component of cathode materials. The conductive activated carbon cathode material is C 85-90 wt.%, 5-10 wt.% tin(IV) oxide and 0.2-2 wt.% antimony oxide. The specific surface area is 500-2500 m2/g, and the electrochemical specific capacity is 300-600 mAh/g. USE - The material is useful for sodium ion battery (claimed). ADVANTAGE - The material: can replace expensive graphene materials, nitrogen-doped carbon and conductive carbon black as anode materials for sodium-ion batteries; and overcomes the defects of low first-week Coulombic efficiency and insufficient long-cycle stability of existing carbon-based cathode materials. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for preparing the material, comprising catalytic activation of pitch coke, formation of nano-antimony-doped tin(IV) oxide conductive particles, and formation of nano-antimony-doped tin(IV) oxide/carbon composite cathode material, specifically comprises (1) soaking pitch coke powder with aqueous solution of tin tetrachloride and antimony trichloride, controlling the mass ratio of tin and antimony contained in the pitch coke to the aqueous solution to be 1:0.1-0.5, introducing air at 700-1000℃ for 4-12 hours, using oxygen in the air as the main activator, using tin and antimony compounds as the activation catalyst, etching the activated coke on the surface of the pitch coke into activated carbon, where the activation mechanism is that the oxygen reacts with the carbon atoms at the defects of the pitch coke to form carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide gas volatilization, leaving micropores on the surface of the carbon layer, where the catalytic mechanism of tin and antimony compounds is that they form high-valence oxides, which can react with carbon atoms, thermally reducing some carbon atoms to form carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide gas, at the same time, oxidizing tin and antimony in low-valence state are formed, oxidizing to oxides in high-valence state and etching by pitch coke to form activated carbon with high specific surface area, (2) dispersing and adsorbing tin tetrachloride and antimony trichloride on the surface of pitch coke, oxidizing and decomposing into tin(IV) oxide and antimony oxide at 700-1000℃, intercalating into the carbon layer or adsorbed on the surface, increasing the carbon layer spacing, and doping high-valence antimony into the tin(IV) oxide lattice to form antimony-doped tin(IV) oxide conductive oxide at high temperature, and (3) catalyzing the decomposition and volatilization of oxidized defective carbon atoms by high-valence tin salt and antimony salt particles, catalyzing the condensation of carbon atoms in the volatile components of the gas to form new carbon crystals by the low-valence tin salt and antimony salt particles, which improves the carbon utilization rate of pitch coke, coating nascent carbon on the surface of antimony-doped tin(IV) oxide to form antimony-doped tin(IV) oxide/carbon composite material, and antimony-doped tin(IV) oxide exists as conductive network, and insteading the existence of conductive film on the surface, where the conductivity of the formed conductive activated carbon is equivalent to that of graphite even if the heat treatment does not reach the graphitization temperature above 2000℃.