▎ 摘　　要

NOVELTY - An electrocatalyst comprises carbon substrate, metal oxide particles dispersed on the carbon substrate, and metal catalyst particles comprising metal substitutions in the metal oxide particles or adsorbed on the metal oxide particles. USE - Electrocatalyst used in hydrogen and oxygen evolution reaction of water splitting or oxygen reduction reaction in fuel cell. ADVANTAGE - The electrocatalyst has improved efficiency of the metal catalyst, excellent long-term stability, and is not easily oxidized in an acidic atmosphere. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for preparation of the electrocatalyst, which involves pyrolyzing metal-organic framework precursor comprising metal oxide clusters and organic materials and a metal catalyst, in which the organic materials form a carbon substrate, metal oxide clusters form metal oxide particles dispersed on the carbon substrate, and metal of the metal oxide particles is substituted with the metal catalyst or metal catalyst is adsorbed on the metal oxide particles based on the pyrolysis of the metal-organic framework structure due to thermal treatment.