▎ 摘　　要

NOVELTY - A synthetic water-soluble polymer has a structure containing one or more hydrophilic functional groups substituted by the hydrophobic functional group, or a structure containing one or more hydrophobic functional groups and one or more hydrophilic functional groups substituted by the hydrophobic functional group. USE - Synthetic water-soluble polymer is used for forming highly stable colloidal graphene solution for forming hydrogel for forming aerogel used as electrode separator and adsorbent (all claimed). ADVANTAGE - The synthetic water-soluble polymer provides highly stable colloidal graphene solution with uniform dispersion of graphite, by simple, economical, and environmentally-friendly process. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for the following: (1) highly stable colloidal graphene solution, which contains graphene uniformly dispersed in a polar solvent using the synthetic water-soluble polymer; (2) formation of highly stable colloidal graphene solution, which involves adding the synthetic water-soluble polymer and graphite particles to the polar solvent and performing a physical treatment process; (3) graphene hydrogel, which is obtained by crosslinking the synthetic water-soluble polymer contained in the highly stable colloidal graphene solution; (4) formation of graphene hydrogel; and (5) graphene aerogel, which is obtained by removing moisture content from the graphene hydrogel.