▎ 摘　　要

NOVELTY - A composite nanofiber is formed by providing fluid containing polymer or ceramic precursor, providing fluid in which carbon allotrope, e.g. graphene nanoribbon or graphene oxide nanoribbon, is dispersed, and electrospinning fluid(s). The fluid containing polymer or ceramic precursor and the fluid containing carbon allotrope are the same or different, and carbon allotrope is a graphene nanoribbon or a reduced or unreduced graphene oxide nanoribbon. USE - Formation of composite nanofiber for film and yarn used for electronic device, electromechanical device, and lithium battery, electrode used for lithium ion battery, electrochemical double layer device and device for removing contaminants from a fluid (all claimed). ADVANTAGE - The nanofiber has increased graphene loading, improved graphene distribution uniformity, improved property control, improved manufacturing rates, and improved performance characteristics, such as mechanical properties and electrical/electronic conductivity. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for: (1) formation of composite of nanofibers which involves deploying formation method of composite nanofiber by multiple times according to generally linear, generally concentric, or generally random array, collecting greater than or equal to 1 nanofibers on substrate to form a mat or as a spun yarn; (2) nanofiber comprising carbon, ceramic, polymer, or ceramic precursor, e.g. nanofiber comprising matrix which contains carbon, polymer, ceramic, or ceramic precursor, and carbon allotrope which is 1-90 wt.% of the nanofiber; (3) film which is disposed on a substrate comprising greater than or equal to 1 nanofibers; (4) yarn comprising greater than or equal to 1 nanofibers which are formed and twisted; (5) electronic device comprising the film and a semiconductor material; (6) electromechanical device comprising the yarn or alternatively, a mat comprising greater than or equal to 1 nanofibers, and greater than or equal to 2 electrodes for applying or sensing a voltage in which polymer is a ferroelectric or piezoelectric polymer; (7) lithium battery, e.g. lithium ion battery or lithium air battery, comprising an electrolyte and the film in which carbon allotrope is functionalized or non-functionalized graphene nanoribbon; (8) electrochemical double layer device comprising 1st metal electrode having 1st coating on which the film is disposed, 2nd metal electrode having 2nd coating on which the film is disposed, electrolyte, and separator; (9) device for removing contaminants from a fluid comprising porous substrate on which the film is disposed; (10) electronic device comprising conducting substrate on which the film is disposed, where conducting substrate contains greater than or equal to 1 metal chosen from lithium, calcium, strontium, molybdenum, steel, copper, gold, platinum, palladium, cobalt, rhodium, iridium, nickel, manganese, chromium, vanadium, niobium, and/or their oxidized forms; (11) nanofiber comprising carbon, e.g. non-graphene nanoribbon carbon, such as amorphous carbon, or polymer, silicon, and graphene nanoribbons; (12) carbon-silicon composite nanofiber comprising graphene nanoribbons embedded in a nanofiber matrix; and (13) lithium ion battery comprising cathode, anode, and separator in which anode contains the nanofibers.