▎ 摘　　要

NOVELTY - The system (100) has a measurement controller (122) applying excitation conditions to an array of two-dimensional (2D) FETs such that output signals from the 2D FET of the array are affected by binding of synthetic biopolymer specific binding agents. An analysis module (133) determines measurement vectors relating to presence of a target substance based on the measurements, where a portion of the analysis module and the measurement controller individually comprises a set of hardware circuits, programmable logic, and executable code stored on a non-transitory computer-readable storage media e.g. hard disk. USE - System for measuring direct/indirect target substance signal. ADVANTAGE - The system increases buffer stringency and decreases target concentration for the liquid across multiple selection cycles. The system allows the 2D transistor channel material to be formed in a layer of a 2D nanomaterial such as graphene, so that a sensitization layer in the liquid can be added on top of the channel for sensitizing the channel to detect a target substance. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for: (1) an apparatus for measuring direct/indirect target substance signal; (2) a method for measuring direct/indirect target substance signal. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic block diagram of a system for measuring direct/indirect target substance signal. 100System for measuring direct/indirect target substance signal 112Sample prep apparatus 120Liquid 122Measurement controller 133Analysis module