▎ 摘　　要

NOVELTY - A graphene is manufactured by immersing a pair of carbon electrodes in solvent, repeatedly generating spark discharge in pulses between the pair of carbon electrodes, and forming graphene from the pair of carbon electrodes. USE - Manufacture of graphene for semiconductor element used for field-effect transistor, sensor, electrode, fuel cell, solar cell, and capacitor, or separation membrane of gas or solution. ADVANTAGE - The methods can easily synthesize graphene or chemically modified graphene in large quantities at low cost. Preparation time of graphene can be shortened. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for: (1) manufacture of chemically modified graphene which involves immersing a pair of carbon electrodes in solvent containing atom constituting a chemical modification group, repeatedly generating spark discharge in pulses between the pair of carbon electrodes, and forming chemically modified graphene from the pair of carbon electrodes; and (2) graphene which is solid solution nanoparticle.