▎ 摘　　要

NOVELTY - Preparation of graphene/polyacrylonitrile nanofiber composite aerogel involves: (1) dispersing graphene oxide in a solvent, and ultrasonically dispersing to obtain a stable graphene oxide (GO) solution; (2) carrying out nitrile modification on the GO solution to obtain a modified graphene oxide (m-GO) solution; (3) heating and dissolving polyacrylonitrile (PAN), electrospinning to prepare PAN nanofibers, and dispersing the PAN nanofibers in absolute ethanol to obtain a PAN nanofiber dispersion; (4) mixing the m-GO solution with the PAN nanofiber dispersion, and ultrasonically dispersing to obtain m-GO/PAN nanofiber mixture; (5) subjecting the m-GO/PAN mixture to freeze-drying and pre-oxidizing to prepare GO/PAN nanofiber composite material; (6) carrying out hydrothermal reduction on the GO/PAN composite material to obtain of graphene/PAN nanofiber composite hydrogel; and (7) subjecting the composite hydrogel to freeze-drying. USE - The method is useful for preparing graphene/polyacrylonitrile nanofiber composite aerogel, which is useful as electrode material for supercapacitor or battery (all claimed). ADVANTAGE - The method is non-toxic and environmentally-friendly. The composite aerogel has large specific surface area, excellent rebound resilience and stable structure.