▎ 摘　　要

NOVELTY - Graphene oxide having improved antimicrobial activity and is functionalized to increase carbon radical density is claimed. USE - The graphene oxide is useful to kill Gram negative bacteria and Gram positive bacteria preferably to kill E. coli and killing and/or inhibiting growth and/or proliferation of microorganism, where the microorganism comprises fungus, virus, a protozoan, and a bacterium the bacterium comprises a drug-resistant bacterium comprising multidrug-resistant acinetobacter, drug-resistant campylobacter, fluconazole-resistant Candida, extended spectrum Enterobacteriaceae (esbl), vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus (vre), multidrug-resistant pseudomonas aeruginosa, drug-resistant non-typhoidal Salmonella, drug-resistant salmonella serotype typhi, drug-resistant Shigella, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (mrsa), drug-resistant streptococcus pneumoniae, and drug- resistant tuberculosis the bacterium is methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus the bacterium comprises a bacterium e.g. Acinetobacter baumannii, Actinomyces naeslundii, Aspergillus niger, Bacteroides fragilis, Bacillus subtilis and Candida albicans (all claimed). Test details are described but no results given. ADVANTAGE - The antimicrobial activity of the graphene oxide is proportional to the carbon radical density. The graphene oxide shows increased lipid membrane binding and/or induction of lipid peroxidation as compared to unfunctionalized graphene oxide (claimed). DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for killing and/or inhibiting growth and/or proliferation of microorganism comprising contacting the microorganism, or a biofilm containing the microorganism with the graphene oxide or composition comprising the graphene oxide or device coated with a graphene oxide