▎ 摘　　要

NOVELTY - Anode electrode comprises current collector, lithium metal layer (110) is disposed on the current collector, protective layer disposed on the lithium metal layer and having three-dimensional open-cell porous structures, and lithium alloying metal disposed on surface of the protective coating. The lithium metal layer has engineered surface texture. The protective layer is open-cell nanoporous polymeric nanocomposite layer comprising polymer matrix, conductive carbon additives, and structural support materials. The protective layer comprises: mattress of carbon nanofibers having three-dimensional open-cell porous structure; network of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) with lithiophilic metal oxides, having three-dimensional open-cell porous structure. USE - The electrode is useful for lithium metal battery (claimed). ADVANTAGE - The electrode: prevents growth of lithium dendrites; enhances the stability of lithium metal anode in lithium rechargeable batteries; ensures energy efficiency; applicability to current manufacturing process; has photoelectromagnetic energy, to prevent excess heat from damaging substrates, and in cooling apparatus has holder plate with thermally conductive metal, and heat exchanger system have Peltier elements or running through the holder plate with coolants pumped into the heat exchanger. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for: manufacturing anode electrode for lithium metal battery; and cooling apparatus for cooling the substrate during photoelectromagnetic energy application. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows polymeric nanoporous nanocomposite coating formed on lithium metal layer by applying photoelectromagnetic energy. 110Lithium metal layer 120Coating 121First polymer 122Lower boiling point second polymer 123Conductive carbon additive