▎ 摘　　要

NOVELTY - Forming (M1) a life science device comprises: extracting an amount of graphene from coal, where the graphene has at least one property at least partially dependent on a composition of the coal; and forming a life science device from the amount graphene. USE - The method is useful for forming a life science device. ADVANTAGE - The method improves yields, decreases costs, decreases processing time, scalability, forms graphene exhibiting certain characteristics and certain quality (e.g. uniformity of characteristics). DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for: (1) forming (M2) graphene for use in a life science device from coal, comprising analyzing a characteristic of an amount of coal and extracting an amount of graphene from the amount of coal, where the graphene has at least one property at least partially dependent on the characteristic of the coal; and (2) a biosensor (500) comprising a substrate (502), a graphene layer disposed on the substrate, where the graphene layer comprises graphene formed from coal and having a property at least partially dependent on a characteristic of the coal and a binding site bonded to the graphene, where the binding site configured to bind or otherwise react with at least one target. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows schematic top plan view of a biosensor including an array. Biosensor (500) Substrate (502) Gap (522)