▎ 摘　　要

NOVELTY - Polymer electrolyte membrane, comprises an ion-conducting polymeric electrolyte material and platelets, which are distributed through the polymeric electrolyte material, the platelets having an aspect ratio of length to thickness of 2: 1, and aligned generally parallel to a length of the membrane. USE - Polymer electrolyte membrane used in electrochemical cells, such as water electrolyzers, fuel cells, and flow batteries. ADVANTAGE - The polymer electrolyte membrane improves durability (e.g., manganese oxide) mechanical strength, thermal properties, and water management of the membrane (e.g., via control of swelling and dimensional stability). DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for: A membrane electrode assembly, comprises polymer electrolyte membrane, and first and second electrodes, spaced by the membrane, further comprises first and second catalyst layers for catalyzing reactions adjacent the membrane, and optionally, spaced from the membrane by the first and second catalyst layers, respectively. An electrolyzer, fuel cell, electrochemical device, or electrochemical pump, comprises membrane electrode assembly. A method for forming the polymer electrolyte membrane, which involves: combining platelets with a polymer in solution to form a dispersion, where platelets having an aspect ratio of length to thickness of 2: 1, and forming a polymer electrolyte membrane from the dispersion, including applying shear to the dispersion to align the platelets generally parallel to a length of the membrane. A method for forming a membrane electrode assembly, which involves forming a polymer electrolyte membrane, and providing first and second electrodes, spaced by the membrane.