▎ 摘　　要

NOVELTY - Method forming a life science device involves extracting an amount of graphene from coal, where graphene having at least one property at least partially dependent on a composition of the coal and forming a life science device from the amount graphene. USE - The method is useful for forming a life science device. ADVANTAGE - The method forms the life science device such as a biosensor or a drug delivery system. The method (I) provides a more economical method for producing graphene to allow for the production of less expensive sensors at a large scale, where the unique properties of coal-based graphene as compared to other forms of graphene can enhance the functionality of biosensors and biosensor arrays. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for the following: (1) a method (I) of forming graphene for use in a life science device from coal involving analyzing a characteristic of an amount of coal and extracting an amount of graphene from the amount of coal, the graphene having at least one property at least partially dependent on the characteristic of the coal; and (2) a biosensor comprising a substrate, a graphene layer arranged on the substrate, where the graphene layer comprises graphene formed from coal and having a property at least partially dependent on a characteristic of the coal and a binding site bonded to the graphene, where the binding site is configured to bind or react with target.