▎ 摘　　要

NOVELTY - Making an intercalation electrode (12) for an electrochemical cell, involves: providing a current collector substrate comprising an electrode surface region; and forming graphene planes generally perpendicular to the current collector substrate and coextensive with the electrode surface region by chemical vapor deposition of carbon from a gas composition comprising carbon-precursor molecules. The method further involves forming a ductile metallic layer and depositing a transition metal catalyst over at least a portion of the electrode surface region prior to forming the graphene planes. USE - For making an intercalation electrode, particularly anode for an electrochemical cell, particularly a lithium-ion battery (Claimed) useful in laptop computers, power tools, and other portable devices. ADVANTAGE - The construction of a planar graphene electrode structure enables efficient and repeated transport of metal atoms/ions into and out of the planes of the carbon electrode structure. The transition metal such as nickel, iron, cobalt, platinum, or their alloys may be pre-deposited on the copper surface to serve as a catalyst. The ordered graphene planar anode structure formed by chemical vapor deposition is enhanced by this catalyst deposit. Subsequent insertion or intercalation of lithium in the parallel planes of the graphene matrix is efficient and involves the formation of some electron bonding between the lithium and the intercalation host. The resulting electrode is dense, of increased volumetric efficiency relative to the conventional particulate-based electrode described previously and is more efficient because electronically insulating polymeric binders are not required; this latter attribute also leads to a cost reduction through reduced material utilization. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for the following (1) an electrode (12) for an electrochemical cell comprising: a current collector substrate having an electrode surface region; graphene planar layers having one end attached to the current collector substrate, where the graphene planar layers extend generally perpendicularly from the current collector substrate, and where the graphene planar layers are generally coextensive with the electrode surface region; and (2) a lithium-ion battery (10) comprising: an anode (12) comprising a current collector substrate, graphene planar layers positioned generally perpendicular to the current collector substrate, and lithium intercalated into the graphene planar layers; an electrolyte (14); and a cathode (16) capable of reversibly incorporating lithium DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic illustrating a lithium-ion cell in a discharged state. Lithium-ion battery (10) Graphene anode (12) Electrolyte (14) Cathode (16)