▎ 摘　　要

NOVELTY - An energy storage device (400) comprises (a) a first electrode (410) comprising (i) a graphene sheet in amount of 5 mass%, (ii) a layered double hydroxide coupled to the graphene sheet, (iii) a binder, (iv) a conductive additive, and (v) a first current collector; (b) a second electrode (420) comprising (i) a hydroxide, and (ii) a second current collector; (c) a separator; and (d) an electrolyte (430). USE - An energy storage device. ADVANTAGE - The storage devices operate at high voltage and exhibit the capacity of a battery and the power performance of supercapacitors in one device. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for: (1) electrode comprising (a) a graphene sheet in amount of 5% by mass or volume; (b) a layered double hydroxide coupled to the graphene sheet; (c) a binder; (d) a conductive additive; and (e) a current collector; (2) method of forming an electrode which involves (a) forming a first dispersion comprising a three-dimensional carbon additive, a first precursor to trivalent ions, a precursor to divalent ions, and a first solvent; (b) forming a second dispersion comprising a second solvent and a conductive additive comprising a zero-dimensional carbon additive, a one-dimensional carbon additive, a two-dimensional carbon additive, and/or three-dimensional carbon additive; (c) adding the second dispersion to the first dispersion to form a third dispersion; (d) adding a reducing agent to the third dispersion; heating the third dispersion; (e) cooling the third dispersion; (f) centrifuging the third dispersion with a third solvent; and (g) drying the third dispersion; and depositing the dried third dispersion and a binder onto a current collector; (3) method of fabricating battery electrodes which involves (a) providing electrode materials comprising (i) a layered double hydroxide (LDH) composite, (ii) an electrically conductive additive, and (iii) a polymer binder; (b) mixing the electrode materials to form a slurry; (c) providing an electrically conductive current collector substrate; (d) cooling the slurry; (e) centrifuging the slurry; (f) drying the slurry; and (g) applying the slurry to the electrically conductive current collector substrate to form an electrode; and (4) energy charging and discharging device configured for parallel charging and series discharging, comprising (a) a first energy storage device having a negative terminal and a positive terminal; (b) a second energy storage device having a negative terminal and a positive terminal; (c) a third energy storage device having a negative terminal and a positive terminal; (d) a switch configured to (i) in a first position, connect the negative terminal of the first energy storage device with the positive terminal of the third energy storage device and connect the positive terminal of the first energy storage device with the negative terminal of the second energy storage device, (ii) in a second position, connect the negative terminal of the first energy storage device with the negative terminal of the second energy storage device, connect the positive terminal of the first energy storage device with the positive terminal of the second energy storage device, and connect the negative terminal of the first energy storage device with the positive terminal of the second energy storage device and the positive terminal of the third energy storage device; where at least one of the first energy storage device, the second energy storage device, or the third energy storage device comprises an energy storage device (400) comprising (iii) a first electrode (410) comprising: a graphene sheet; a layered double hydroxide coupled to the graphene sheet; a binder; a conductive additive; and a first current collector; and (iv) a second electrode (420) comprising: a hydroxide; and a second current collector; a separator; and an electrolyte (430). DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic view of the components and chemical reactions in a first energy storage device. Energy storage device (400) First electrode (410) Redox active material (411) Second electrode (420) Electrolyte (430)