▎ 摘　　要

NOVELTY - Processing chemical modification of graphene oxide surface comprises e.g. (i) preparing graphene oxide, (a) adding graphite, sodium nitrate and concentrated sulfuric acid into the three-necked flask, placing the three-necked flask in an ice water bath at 0-5 degrees C, stirring, and reacting for 30-40 minutes at stirring speed of 300-400 revolutions/minutes (rpm) to obtain reaction solution I, where the mass fraction of concentrated sulfuric acid obtained in the step (i) is 96-98%, the volume ratio of the mass of the graphite and the concentrated sulfuric acid obtained in the step (i) is (6-8 g):(360-500 ml), and the volume ratio of the sodium nitrate and the concentrated sulfuric acid obtained in the step (i) is (2-4 g):(360-500 ml), (b) adding potassium permanganate into the reaction solution I, placing the three-necked flask in a ice water bath at 0-5 degrees C, stirring at stirring speed of 300-400 rpm for 2-3 hour to obtain reaction liquid II, reacting, and adding distilled water. USE - The graphene oxide is useful preparing graphene oxide/epoxy resin composite material (claimed). DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Processing chemical modification of graphene oxide surface comprises (i) preparing graphene oxide, (a) adding graphite, sodium nitrate and concentrated sulfuric acid into the three-necked flask, placing the three-necked flask in an ice water bath at 0-5 degrees C, stirring, and reacting for 30-40 minutes at stirring speed of 300-400 revolutions/minutes (rpm) to obtain reaction solution I, where the mass fraction of concentrated sulfuric acid obtained in the step (i) is 96-98%, the volume ratio of the mass of the graphite and the concentrated sulfuric acid obtained in the step (i) is (6-8 g):(360-500 ml), and the volume ratio of the sodium nitrate and the concentrated sulfuric acid obtained in the step (i) is (2-4 g):(360-500 ml), (b) adding potassium permanganate into the reaction solution I, placing the three-necked flask in a ice water bath at 0-5 degrees C, stirring at stirring speed of 300-400 rpm for 2-3 hour to obtain reaction liquid II, where the mass ratio of the potassium permanganate obtained in the step (i) and the graphite obtained in the step (i) is (20-25):(6-8), (c) heating the reaction solution II at 35-40 degrees C, and reacting at 35-40 degrees C for 17-19 hours, further adding distilled water to obtain reaction liquid III, where the mass ratio of the distilled water and the graphite is (400-600 ml):(6-8 g), (d) stirring the reaction solution III at stirring speed of 300-400 rpm for 1-2 hours, adding distilled water and 96-98 wt.% hydrogen peroxide to obtain reaction liquid IV, where the mass ratio of the distilled water and the graphite is (600-800 ml):(6-8 g), and the mass ratio of 96-98 wt.% hydrogen peroxide and the graphite is (40-60 ml):(6-8 g), (e) stirring the reaction liquid IV at stirring speed of 300-400 rpm for 20-40 minutes, ultrasonic power is 180-200 W for 30-50 minutes, allowing to stand for 6-8 hours, pouring the supernatant to obtain mixture I, (f) using 14-16 wt.% hydrogen chloride solution as cleaning agent, centrifuging the mixture I at centrifugal speed of 6000-8000 rpm, until the supernatant of the mixture I is added with 0.1-0.15 mol/l cerium chloride solution, and no precipitation occurs, and washing with hydrogen chloride solution, (g) mixing the mixture I with hydrogen chloride solution using deionized water, until the pH of the cleaning solution is 7, and washing with deionized water, (h) placing the washed mixture I with deionized water, and placing in a freeze dryer to obtain solid I, grinding the solid I and sieving through 300 mesh sieve, where the sieved material is graphene oxide, (ii) subjecting hydroxylation of graphene oxide, (a) taking lithium aluminum hydride in a round bottom flask, adding tetrahydrofuran to obtain mixture of saturated lithium aluminum hydride and tetrahydrofuran II, where the volume ratio of the lithium aluminum hydride and the tetrahydrofuran is (4-5g):(100-120 ml), (b) adding the graphene oxide obtained in the step (i) into the mixture II, ultrasonically reacting, where the ultrasonic power is 180-200 W for 0.5-1 hour to obtain mixture III, where the mass ratio of the graphene oxide obtained in the step (i) is added to the mixture II and the lithium aluminum hydride in the step (ii) is (2-3g):(4-5 g), (c) stirring the mixture III at stirring speed of 100-200 rpm at room temperature for 2-3 hours to obtain mixture IV, (d) adding 96-98 wt.% hydrochloric acid to the mixture IV into the mixture IV, when the supernatant of the mixture IV became clear, washing 3-5 times with deionized water, placing the washed mixture IV in a vacuum oven at 80-90 degrees C for 6-12 hours to obtain hydroxylated graphene oxide. An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for preparing graphene oxide/epoxy resin composite material by chemically modifying graphene oxide with triazine derivative, comprising (i) placing the graphene oxide chemically modified by the triazine derivative in a small beaker, adding acetone into the small beaker, and uniformly dispersing the graphene oxide having ultrasonic power of 180-200 W for 0.6-1 hour to obtain mixture, where the volume to mass ratio of the graphene chemically modified by triazine derivative and acetone is (0.033-0.036 g): (10-15 ml), (ii) adding epoxy resin into the mixture, ultrasonically reacting for 30-60 minutes having power of 180-200 W, and stirring uniformly the mixture and then drying to obtain epoxy resin mixture, drying at 80 degrees C, drying in a vacuum drying oven with vacuum of -30KPa to -35KPa for 10-12 hours, where the mass ratio of the epoxy resin and the graphene oxide chemically modified by triazine derivative in the step (i) is (33-36 g):(0.033-0.036 g), and (iii) adding curing agent into the epoxy resin mixture, mechanically stirring at speed of 3000 revolutions/minute (rpm) at 80-90 degrees C for 15-20 minutes, and drying in a vacuum oven with vacuum of -30KPa to -35KPa for 1-1.5 hours, (iv) pouring the epoxy resin mixture treated in the step (iii) into a preheated mold having temperature of 80-90 degrees C in a drying oven having temperature of 80-90 degrees C and vacuum of -30 KPa to -35 KPa, and curing, where the curing process comprises under the condition of vacuum of -30 KPa to -35 KPa, first drying at 80-90 degrees C for 2 hours, drying at 100-120 degrees C for 2 hours, and finally at 150 degrees C for 3-4 hours.