▎ 摘　　要

NOVELTY - Preparing (M1) graphene sheets involves immersing, in a solution containing an electrolyte, a portion of first electrode and a portion of second electrode, where the immersed portion of the first electrode including a first carbon material and the immersed portion of the second electrode including a second carbon material or a metal; causing a potential to exist between first and second electrodes; and recovering, from the solution, graphene sheets exfoliated from the carbon material, where the electrolyte is acid, anionic surfactant, salt and/or oxidizing agent. USE - For preparing graphene sheets for making graphene film electrode (claimed). ADVANTAGE - The method provides a cost-effective method for mass production of high-quality graphene sheets. The cost-effective electrochemical exfoliation of a carbon material produces high-quality graphene sheets on a large scale. The electrochemical method allows fast, easy to be scaled up, high yield, high quality, and low cost. The electrochemical method preserves the intrinsic graphene structure. The graphene sheets produced by this method are readily dissolved in dimethyl formamide (DMF). They, upon in contact with water as an antisolvent, can self-aggregate at the air-DMF interface due to their strong surface hydrophobicity. A continuous thin film obtained from these graphene sheets exhibits an ultra-transparency with a 96% transmittance rate and a resistance of less than 1 k Omega /sq after a simple nitric acid (HNO3) treatment, both of which are superior to those of a film obtained from graphene sheets produced by chemical exfoliation or other exfoliation methods. Such a low-resistance and high-transparency characteristics likely make these thin-films promising for replacing currently used high-cost indium tin oxide electrodes in the future. The graphene sheet possesses unique physical properties, such as optically transparent, superior thermal conductivity, excellent mechanical strength and elasticity, and high intrinsic electron mobility. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for preparing (M2) a graphene film electrode involving dissolving graphene sheets in an organic solvent to form a solution, applying the solution on a substrate, adding deionized water to the solution on the substrate so that a graphene film is formed, and drying the graphene film.