▎ 摘　　要

NOVELTY - Synthesizing two-dimensional transition metal carbides and nitrides (MXene)-based quantum dots comprises etching a quantity of a tantalum carbide MAX phase powder, thus providing MXene nanosheets, sonicating and homogenizing the MXene nanosheets, thus providing multilayer, oligolayer and monolayer flakes, and hydrothermally treating the multilayer, oligolayer and monolayer flakes, thus providing MXene-based quantum dots. USE - The method is useful for synthesizing MXene-based quantum dots, which are useful for: reducing immune cell infiltration (all claimed); and treating allograft vasculopathy. Test details are described but no results given. ADVANTAGE - The method provides MQDs, which: offer improved dispersibility, tunability, and biocompatibility over traditional graphene materials while maintaining immunomodulatory bioactivity; exhibit a high level of direct interaction with human endothelial cells while maintaining excellent biocompatibility; display strong immunomodulatory functions; offer the high specific surface area and compositional flexibility of MXene while providing improvements to aqueous stability and material-cell interactions; and reduce structural degeneration within transplanted tissues. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for: tantalum carbide MXene-based quantum dots comprising surface hydroxy, carboxy, chlorine, fluorine, and amine based functional groups; and MXene-based quantum dots prepared according to the method.