▎ 摘　　要

NOVELTY - Preparing three-dimensional self-supporting sulfur/graphene cathode material and lithium-sulfur battery anode comprises e.g. (i) mixing graphite with sodium nitrate solids, adding inorganic strong protonic acid, stirring under magnetic stirrer, stirring, adding strong oxidant, controlling the reaction temperature, stirring, raising the temperature, continue stirring until the magnetic stirring fails, allowing to stand, slowly adding deionized water to the mixture, carrying out manual stirring, adding hydrogen peroxide, hydrogen peroxide proportion in the mixed solids, washing the bottom dilute hydrochloric acid and deionized water until there is no sulfate in the solution, placing the obtained graphite oxide into dialysis bag for dialysis, removing metal ions from graphene oxide, dialysis for one week, subjecting the washed graphite oxide to ultrasonic treatment and ultrasonically dispersing to obtain layered structure material. USE - The method is useful for preparing three-dimensional self-supporting sulfur/graphene cathode material and lithium-sulfur battery anode. ADVANTAGE - The method: does not damage membrane electrode structure, capacity retention rate of 83.5% and recovery specific capacity of 1290 mAh.g1. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Preparing three-dimensional self-supporting sulfur/graphene cathode material and lithium-sulfur battery anode comprises (i) mixing 50-65 wt.% graphite with 35-50 wt.% sodium nitrate solids, adding inorganic strong protonic acid with mixed solid content of 1000-3000%, stirring under magnetic stirrer, stirring for 24-36 hours, adding strong oxidant with solid content of 150-200%,m controlling the reaction temperature to not to 25 degrees C, stirring for 0.5-1.5 hours, raising the temperature to 80-100 degrees C, continue stirring until the magnetic stirring fails, allowing to stand for 6-8 hours, slowly adding 200-300% deionized water to the mixture, carrying out manual stirring for 2-3 hours, adding hydrogen peroxide with mass fraction of 30%, hydrogen peroxide proportion in the mixed solids is 20-30 wt.%, allowing to stand for 24-36 hours, washing the bottom with 1-2 mol.l1 dilute hydrochloric acid and deionized water until there is no sulfate in the solution, placing the obtained graphite oxide into dialysis bag for dialysis, removing metal ions from graphene oxide, dialysis for one week, subjecting the washed graphite oxide to ultrasonic treatment and ultrasonically dispersing for 1-2 hours to obtain layered structure material, (ii) dissolving sulfur source in resultant graphene oxide aqueous solution, where the sulfur ratio and graphene oxide solution ratio is 97-99.2%, and 0.8-3%, stirring under ice bath for 10-30 minutes, adding 900% solids diluted aqueous solution of hydrochloric acid with concentration of 0.024-0.03mol.l1, carrying out reaction for 6-8 hours in an ice bath to obtain suspension collected by centrifuging and washing with deionized water, collecting product is re-dispersing into 20-30 ml deionized water to form brown sulfur oxide/graphene complex colloid i.e. is precursor, adding 50-60 wt.% of 1-2mol.l1 sodium ascorbate solution and to the above colloid, carrying out ultrasonic dispersion for 10-30 minutes, placing in blast drying box at 95-105 degrees C for 1.5-2.5 hours to obtain sulfur/graphene composite hydrogel, washing and freeze-drying to obtain composite aerogel, and rolling with a pair of rollers, where the cathode material is prepared by reducing graphene oxide to construct porous sulfur/graphene composite structure.