▎ 摘　　要

NOVELTY - Lithium-ion cell (I) comprises: a positive electrode (cathode) comprising graphene as the only cathode active material having a surface area to capture and store lithium on it; a negative electrode (anode) comprising an anode active material for inserting and extracting lithium during a charge and discharge of the cell; a porous separator disposed between the anode and the cathode; a lithium-containing electrolyte in ionic contact with the anode and the cathode; and a lithium source disposed in at least one of the two electrodes when the cell is made. USE - Used as lithium-ion cell. ADVANTAGE - The lithium-ion cells: exhibit highest energy density with higher charge and discharge rates; and can operate thousands of cycles without any significant capacity decay; and deliver power density better than symmetric supercapacitors, thus exhibiting unparalleled and unprecedented combined performance of exceptional power density, high energy density, long and stable cycle life, and wide operating temperature range. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Lithium-ion cell (I) comprises: a positive electrode (cathode) comprising graphene as the only cathode active material having a surface area to capture and store lithium on it, where the graphene cathode is mesoporous having a specific surface area greater than 100 m2/g; a negative electrode (anode) comprising an anode active material for inserting and extracting lithium during a charge and discharge of the cell, where the anode active material is mixed with a conductive additive and/or a resin binder to form a porous electrode structure, or coated onto a current collector in a coating or thin film form, and the anode active material is not pre-lithiated and lithium-free when the cell is made; a porous separator disposed between the anode and cathode; a lithium-containing electrolyte in ionic contact with the anode and the cathode; and a lithium source disposed in at least one of the two electrodes when the cell is made. An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a lithium-ion cell (II) or (III) comprising: the positive electrode; the negative electrode, where the anode active material is electrically connected directly to an anode current collector or is connected to the anode current collector through a conductive additive and/or a binder; the porous separator; and the lithium-containing electrolyte in physical contact with the anode and the cathode.