▎ 摘　　要

NOVELTY - Preparing expanded graphite or graphene from electrolytic aluminum waste cathode carbon comprises e.g. adding electrolytic aluminum waste cathode carbon, crushing until the grain diameter is less than 10 mm, then placing in oxidation device, stirring or rolling mixing mechanism, adding water, stirring, heating to hydrothermal oxidation reaction and using strong oxidizer, to obtain oxidized graphite slurry mixture, or crushing the electrolytic aluminum waste cathode carbon until the grain diameter is less than 30 mm, then placing in oxidation device for wet milling mechanism, adding water. USE - The method is useful for preparing expanded graphite or graphene from electrolytic aluminum waste cathode carbon (claimed). ADVANTAGE - The method: has excellent performance; is simple; has high efficacy, clean, no secondary pollution, low energy consumption; and is suitable for industrial production. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Preparing expanded graphite or graphene from electrolytic aluminum waste cathode carbon comprises (i) adding electrolytic aluminum waste cathode carbon, crushing until the grain diameter is less than 10 mm, then placing in oxidation device, stirring or rolling mixing mechanism, adding water, stirring, heating to hydrothermal oxidation reaction and using strong oxidizer, to obtain oxidized graphite slurry mixture, or crushing the electrolytic aluminum waste cathode carbon until the grain diameter is less than 30 mm, then placing in oxidation device for wet milling mechanism, adding water to wet grinding and heating to hydrothermal oxidation reaction and using strong oxidizer, to obtain oxidized graphite slurry mixture, (ii) adding oxidized graphite slurry mixture into the replacement device with stirrer, controlling temperature and pressure, then using the replacement device difference of pressure within plus minus 1 MPa, adding the supercritical or liquid carbon dioxide pressure into the transposition device, stirring and mixing, allowing to stand, regulating temperature, separating, to obtain inorganic-based aqueous slurry and carbon mass concentration of 1-20% of graphite oxide slurry supercritical or liquid carbon dioxide fluid, graphite oxide slurry supercritical or liquid carbon dioxide fluid of atomized water by clean water to removing entrained impurities, hydrophobic into hydrophobic tank, without impurity concentration of 1-20% supercritical carbon dioxide oxidation of graphite fluid, and (iii) using without impurity concentration of 1-20% of the supercritical carbon dioxide oxidation of the graphite slurry is high pressure carbon pump spray atomized into the puffing separator, thermal control puffing separator temperature, atomization expansion peel off the removing oxidation carbon, using expanded graphite powder/graphene oxide, adding without impurity concentration of 1-20% of supercritical carbon dioxide oxidized graphite fluid with carbon slurry pump into the reduction tank, adding reducing agent for reduction reaction, to obtain supercritical carbon dioxide graphene fluid, then adding carbon atomized spray into puffing separator, heating control puffing separator temperature, atomization expansion stripping removal of carbon dioxide, to obtain graphene powder, or then treating the resulting graphene powder with high temperature denitrification, to obtain dedenitrification dendrimer powder, adding without impurity mass concentration of 1-20% of the supercritical carbon dioxide oxidation of graphite fluid, and carbon pump into the fluoridation tank, adding fluorination agent, heating and pressure fluorination reaction, using supercritical carbon dioxide fluoride fluid, adding carbon spray atomized into puffing separator, heating control puffing separator temperature, stripping to remove carbon dioxide atomizing expansion, obtaining fluorinated graphene powder.